龙场悟道——王阳明对朱熹的超越

The Enlightenment at Longchang—How Wang Yangming Transcended Zhu Xi

摘要: 王阳明，本名王守仁，字伯安，出自琅琊王氏一族，浙江余姚人，作为宋明理学的代表人物之一，是心学的集大成者，其哲学思想是中华传统文化的精华，了解其思想也能够增强国人的文化自信。“龙场悟道”作为王阳明哲学思想的重要转折点，不仅奠定了王阳明心学思想的基础，也对朱熹的哲学思想进行了颠覆和超越，弥补了程朱理学理论上的不足之处。在明代中期的这样的时代背景之下，王阳明基于对朱熹学问的疑惑和不满，结合了自己的亲身经历，开辟出一条新的通往圣人之学的道路。

Abstract: Wang Yangming, born Wang Shouren, styled Bo’an, hailed from Yuyao, Zhejiang. As one of the leading figures of Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism, he was the consummator of the School of Mind; his philosophical thought stands as the essence of traditional Chinese culture, and an understanding of it can also bolster the cultural confidence of the Chinese people. The “Enlightenment at Longchang” was a crucial turning point in Wang Yangming philosophy: it not only laid the foundation for his School of Mind but also subverted and transcended Zhu Xi’s philosophy, remedying the theoretical deficiencies of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Against the historical backdrop of the mid-Ming dynasty, Wang—prompted by doubts and dissatisfaction with Zhu Xi’s learning—combined his own lived experiences to open a new path toward the learning of the sages.