数字经济背景下静宁苹果产业升级与可持续发展研究

Research on the Industrial Upgrading and Sustainable Development of Jingning Apple in the Digital Economy Era

摘要: 本研究以甘肃省静宁县苹果产业为研究对象，在数字经济深度赋能农业转型的背景下，系统剖析静宁苹果产业的地理优势、发展瓶颈及数字化应用现状。研究表明：静宁依托黄金产区生态条件与规模化产业基础，虽在电商销售等局部领域取得进展，但仍面临精深加工薄弱、冷链物流滞后、数据孤岛林立、主体数字素养不足等结构性挑战。为此，提出五维升级路径：构建全域覆盖的“智慧果园新基建”与智能化冷链骨干网；打造县级“苹果产业大脑”激活数据要素价值；推动生产端智能农机应用、供应链端区块链追溯体系、加工端柔性生产线及营销端全域数字化生态的全链条重塑；分层培育“数字新农人”与复合型人才；配套专项政策与绿色金融支持。最后，从政策法规、组织协同、动态评估等维度设计可持续发展保障机制，为西部特色农业产区数字化转型提供“静宁范式”，实现经济增效、果农增收与生态友好的多维目标。

Abstract: This study takes the apple industry in Jingning County, Gansu Province as the research object. Against the background of the in-depth empowerment of digital economy in agricultural transformation, it systematically analyzes the geographical advantages, development bottlenecks and current situation of digital application in Jingning’s apple industry. The research shows that: relying on the ecological conditions of the golden producing area and the large-scale industrial foundation, Jingning has made progress in some fields such as e-commerce sales, but still faces structural challenges including weak deep processing, backward cold chain logistics, isolated data islands, and insufficient digital literacy of subjects. To this end, a five-dimensional upgrading path is proposed: constructing a “new infrastructure for smart orchards” with full coverage and an intelligent cold chain backbone network; building a county-level “apple industry brain” to activate the value of data elements; promoting the whole-chain reshaping of intelligent agricultural machinery application at the production end, blockchain traceability system at the supply chain end, flexible production lines at the processing end, and a full-domain digital ecology at the marketing end; cultivating “digital new farmers” and compound talents in a hierarchical manner; and supporting special policies and green financial support. Finally, a sustainable development guarantee mechanism is designed from the dimensions of policies and regulations, organizational coordination, and dynamic evaluation, so as to provide a “Jingning model” for the digital transformation of characteristic agricultural producing areas in western China, and achieve the multi-dimensional goals of economic efficiency improvement, fruit farmers’ income increase and ecological friendliness.