光的反射和光的折射教具的创新改进

Innovative Improvements in Teaching AIDS for the Reflection and Refraction of Light

摘要: 光的反射和折射是科学课程中光学知识的重要组成部分，对培养学生的核心素养具有重要意义。教材中原型教具存在操作不便、现象不明显、需要多次实验才能得出光的反射规律等问题，并且不易于学生区分反射和折射概念。因此，本研究针对原型教具存在的问题进行分析，设计并制作光的反射和光的折射一体化教具。改进后的教具能同时演示反射和折射的实验，有利于学生辨别反射与入射，总结和归纳光的折射与反射定律，培养学生的核心素养。

Abstract: Light reflection and refraction are essential components of optics in science education, playing a crucial role in developing students’ core competencies. However, existing teaching apparatuses present several limitations: cumbersome operation, unclear observable phenomena, and the requirement for repetitive experiments to verify reflection laws. Moreover, they fail to effectively help students distinguish between reflection and refraction concepts. To address these issues, this study analyzes the shortcomings of conventional teaching tools and develops an integrated apparatus for demonstrating both light reflection and refraction phenomena. The improved design enables simultaneous demonstration of reflection and refraction experiments, facilitates students’ understanding of reflection versus incidence, helps them systematically summarize the laws of refraction and reflection, and ultimately enhances their core scientific competencies.