PBL模式在材料成型专业教学改革中的应用研究——以“流体力学与传热学基础”课程为例

Research on the Application of PBL Model in Teaching Reform for Materials Forming and Control Engineering—A Case Study of “Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer”

摘要: 作为世界工程教育大国，我们亟需提升工程教育质量以服务现代化产业体系建设需求。教学改革是推动工程教育质量提升的关键路径，本研究将PBL教学模式应用于材料成型及控制工程专业基础课程教学，以“流体力学与传热学基础”课程为实践载体，开展为期两学期的传统教学与PBL教学对比实践研究。建立了学生自评、教师评价和学业表现分析方法，多维度考察了PBL教学效果。研究表明，PBL模式显著提升了学生的自主学习能力、团队协作效能及工程问题解决能力，有效激发了学习内驱力，提升教学效果。研究进一步揭示了当前工程教育环境下PBL实施面临的核心挑战，为工科类专业基础课程教学模式改革提供了可推广的实践范式与理论参考。

Abstract: As a major engineering education country in the world, China urgently needs to enhance the quality of engineering education to meet the demands of constructing modern industrial systems. Teaching reform serves as a crucial pathway for improving engineering education quality. This study implements the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach in fundamental courses for Materials Forming and Control Engineering majors, adopting “Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer” as the experimental platform. A two-semester comparative teaching experiment was conducted between traditional instruction and PBL methodology. The effectiveness of PBL was comprehensively evaluated through multidimensional assessments including student self-evaluations, instructor observations, and academic performance analysis. Findings demonstrate that the PBL model significantly enhances students’ self-directed learning capabilities, teamwork efficiency, and engineering problem-solving skills, while effectively stimulating intrinsic motivation and improving overall teaching outcomes. The study further identifies core challenges in PBL implementation within current engineering education contexts, providing both transferable practical paradigms and theoretical references for reforming pedagogical approaches in fundamental engineering courses.