双网络水凝胶在骨组织再生中的应用及研究进展
Application and Research Progress of Double Network Hydrogels in Bone Regeneration
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.1592528, PDF,   
作者: 李林洁, 付 钢*:重庆医科大学附属口腔医院修复科,重庆;口腔疾病研究重庆市重点实验室,重庆
关键词: 双网络水凝胶力学性能骨组织再生药物递送智能响应Double Network Hydrogels Mechanical Properties Bone Regeneration Drug Delivery Intelligent Response
摘要: 双网络水凝胶是由刚性的第一网络和柔韧的第二网络协同构成的高分子聚合物。与传统单网络水凝胶相比,其机械强度有了大幅提升的同时,仍保持较好的生物相容性和刺激响应性,在组织工程与再生医学领域展现出广阔应用前景。本文综述了目前双网络水凝胶的构筑方法,总结了其在递送生物活性物质、构建力学适配微环境及智能响应修复三方面的应用进展。
Abstract: Double network hydrogels are composed of a rigid first network and a flexible second network. Compared with traditional single network hydrogels, their mechanical strength has been substantially improved while still maintaining better biocompatibility and stimulus responsiveness, showing broad application prospects in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this review, we conclude the current construction methods of double network hydrogels and summarize the progress of their application in bone defect repair as delivery of bioactive substances, construction of mechanically compatible microenvironments, and intelligent response repair.
文章引用:李林洁, 付钢. 双网络水凝胶在骨组织再生中的应用及研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(9): 572-579. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.1592528

参考文献

[1] De Pace, R., Molinari, S., Mazzoni, E. and Perale, G. (2025) Bone Regeneration: A Review of Current Treatment Strategies. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14, Article No. 1838. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Donos, N., Akcali, A., Padhye, N., Sculean, A. and Calciolari, E. (2023) Bone Regeneration in Implant Dentistry: Which Are the Factors Affecting the Clinical Outcome? Periodontology 2000, 93, 26-55. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Zhang, J., Zhang, W., Yue, W., Qin, W., Zhao, Y. and Xu, G. (2025) Research Progress of Bone Grafting: A Comprehensive Review. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 20, 4729-4757. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] Gajurel, B., Tamang, K.B., Das, D. and Adhikari, R. (2025) Advances in Synthetic Strategies and Applications of Polymeric Hydrogels. Polymer Engineering & Science, 65, 2803-2840. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[5] Gao, K. and Xu, K. (2025) Advancements and Prospects of pH-Responsive Hydrogels in Biomedicine. Gels, 11, Article No. 293. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Choi, H., Choi, W. and Jeong, J. (2024) A Review of Advanced Hydrogel Applications for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Systems as Biomaterials. Gels, 10, Article No. 693. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Wancura, M., Nkansah, A., Chwatko, M., Robinson, A., Fairley, A. and Cosgriff-Hernandez, E. (2023) Interpenetrating Network Design of Bioactive Hydrogel Coatings with Enhanced Damage Resistance. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 11, 5416-5428. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Nie, L., Muñoz-Camargo, C., Ganguly, S., Bahsis, L., Cruz, J.C., Mohammadinejad, R., et al. (2024) Editorial: Biocompatible Hydrogels: Properties, Synthesis and Applications in Biomedicine. Frontiers in Chemistry, 12, Article ID: 1500836. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Gong, J.P., Katsuyama, Y., Kurokawa, T. and Osada, Y. (2003) Double‐Network Hydrogels with Extremely High Mechanical Strength. Advanced Materials, 15, 1155-1158. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[10] Gong, J.P. (2010) Why Are Double Network Hydrogels So Tough? Soft Matter, 6, 2583-2590. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[11] Zhu, S., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Chen, L., Zhu, F., Ye, Y., et al. (2023) Metal-Coordinated Dynamics and Viscoelastic Properties of Double-Network Hydrogels. Gels, 9, Article No. 145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] 李立清, 钟秀敏, 章礼旭, 等. 双网络水凝胶制备及其力学改性[J]. 化学进展, 2023, 35(11): 1674-1685.
[13] Chen, Z., Lv, Z., Zhuang, Y., Saiding, Q., Yang, W., Xiong, W., et al. (2023) Mechanical Signal‐Tailored Hydrogel Microspheres Recruit and Train Stem Cells for Precise Differentiation. Advanced Materials, 35, Article ID: 2300180. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Whitehead, J., Griffin, K.H., Gionet-Gonzales, M., Vorwald, C.E., Cinque, S.E. and Leach, J.K. (2021) Hydrogel Mechanics Are a Key Driver of Bone Formation by Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Spheroids. Biomaterials, 269, Article ID: 120607. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Gomez-Florit, M., Pardo, A., Domingues, R.M.A., Graça, A.L., Babo, P.S., Reis, R.L., et al. (2020) Natural-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications. Molecules, 25, Article No. 5858. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Gujjar, S., Tyagi, A., Sainger, S., Bharti, P., Nain, V., Sood, P., et al. (2023) Biocompatible Human Placental Extracellular Matrix Derived Hydrogels. Advanced Biology, 8, Article ID: 2300349. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Garimella, A., Ghosh, S.B. and Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh, S. (2024) Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering: Achievements to Date and Future Directions. Biomedical Materials, 20, Article ID: 012001. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Rahman Khan, M.M. and Rumon, M.M.H. (2025) Synthesis of PVA-Based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Recent Trends and Advances. Gels, 11, Article No. 88. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Lekhavadhani, S., Babu, S., Shanmugavadivu, A. and Selvamurugan, N. (2025) Recent Progress in Alginate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 250, Article ID: 114570. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Mane, S., Sankpal, P., Patil, S., Pathak, R. and Sharma, H. (2025) Unlocking the Potential of Alginate Polymers: A Review of Recent Advances in Physicochemical Modulation for Versatile Biomaterials. Current Drug Discovery Technologies, 22. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Li, W., Wu, Y., Zhang, X., Wu, T., Huang, K., Wang, B., et al. (2023) Self-Healing Hydrogels for Bone Defect Repair. RSC Advances, 13, 16773-16788. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Zhang, G., Wang, X., Meng, G., Xu, T., Shu, J., Zhao, J., et al. (2023) Enzyme-Mineralized PVASA Hydrogels with Combined Toughness and Strength for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 16, 178-189. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Hassanisaadi, M., Vatankhah, M., Kennedy, J.F., Rabiei, A. and Saberi Riseh, R. (2025) Advancements in Xanthan Gum: A Macromolecule for Encapsulating Plant Probiotic Bacteria with Enhanced Properties. Carbohydrate Polymers, 348, Article ID: 122801. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Dzionek, A., Wojcieszyńska, D. and Guzik, U. (2022) Use of Xanthan Gum for Whole Cell Immobilization and Its Impact in Bioremediation—A Review. Bioresource Technology, 351, Article ID: 126918. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Li, T., Wei, H., Zhang, Y., Wan, T., Cui, D., Zhao, S., et al. (2023) Sodium Alginate Reinforced Polyacrylamide/Xanthan Gum Double Network Ionic Hydrogels for Stress Sensing and Self-Powered Wearable Device Applications. Carbohydrate Polymers, 309, Article ID: 120678. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Busch, A., Jäger, M., Mayer, C. and Sowislok, A. (2021) Functionalization of Synthetic Bone Substitutes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22, Article No. 4412. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Liu, J., Yang, S., Tan, Y., Liu, X., Tian, Y., Liang, L., et al. (2022) Simultaneously Stimulated Osteogenesis and Anti-Bacteria of Physically Cross-Linked Double-Network Hydrogel Loaded with MgO-Ag2O Nanocomposites. Biomaterials Advances, 141, Article ID: 213123. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Yadav, A., Ghosh, S., Samanta, A., Pal, J. and Srivastava, R.K. (2022) Emulsion Templated Scaffolds of Poly(ε-Caprolactone)—A Review. Chemical Communications, 58, 1468-1480. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Adamu, M.A., Sumaila, M., Dauda, M. and Ause, T. (2023) A Novel Polycaprolactone/Rice Husk Ash/Hydroxyapatite Biopolymer Composite for Bone Implant: Physico-Mechanical and Biodegradable Analysis. Iranian Polymer Journal, 33, 395-404. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[30] Ghosh, R., Gupta, S., Mehrotra, S. and Kumar, A. (2024) Surface-Modified Diopside-Reinforced PCL Biopolymer Composites with Enhanced Interfacial Strength and Mechanical Properties for Orthopedic Applications. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 16, 7670-7685. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Wu, M., Liu, H., Zhu, Y., Wu, P., Chen, Y., Deng, Z., et al. (2024) Bioinspired Soft-Hard Combined System with Mild Photothermal Therapeutic Activity Promotes Diabetic Bone Defect Healing via Synergetic Effects of Immune Activation and Angiogenesis. Theranostics, 14, 4014-4057. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Yin, Y., Gu, Q., Liu, X., Liu, F. and McClements, D.J. (2023) Double Network Hydrogels: Design, Fabrication, and Application in Biomedicines and Foods. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 320, Article ID: 102999. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Patel, D.K., Jung, E., Priya, S., Won, S. and Han, S.S. (2024) Recent Advances in Biopolymer-Based Hydrogels and Their Potential Biomedical Applications. Carbohydrate Polymers, 323, Article ID: 121408. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] 黎贵凤, 梁家玲, 郭世锐, 等. 双网络水凝胶的构筑及其在生物医药领域的应用[J]. 工程塑料应用, 2024, 52(12): 165-170.
[35] Xu, X., Jerca, V.V. and Hoogenboom, R. (2021) Bioinspired Double Network Hydrogels: From Covalent Double Network Hydrogels via Hybrid Double Network Hydrogels to Physical Double Network Hydrogels. Materials Horizons, 8, 1173-1188. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Liu, X., Ren, Z., Liu, F., Zhao, L., Ling, Q. and Gu, H. (2021) Multifunctional Self-Healing Dual Network Hydrogels Constructed via Host-Guest Interaction and Dynamic Covalent Bond as Wearable Strain Sensors for Monitoring Human and Organ Motions. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 13, 14612-14622. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[37] Guo, B., Liang, Y. and Dong, R. (2023) Physical Dynamic Double-Network Hydrogels as Dressings to Facilitate Tissue Repair. Nature Protocols, 18, 3322-3354. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[38] Zankowski, S.P. and Vereecken, P.M. (2018) Combining High Porosity with High Surface Area in Flexible Interconnected Nanowire Meshes for Hydrogen Generation and Beyond. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 10, 44634-44644. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[39] Ma, C., Dou, Y., Li, R., Zhang, L., Zhou, Z., Guo, S., et al. (2024) Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Polyacrylamide Double Network Hydrogels Based on Hydrogen Bond Cross-Linking as Potential Wound Dressings for Skin Repair. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 280, Article ID: 135735. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[40] Jagadale, S., Damle, M. and Joshi, M.G. (2025) Bone Tissue Engineering: From Biomaterials to Clinical Trials. In: Turksen, K., Ed., Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 24: Regeneration in Normal and Cancerous Tissues, Springer, 73-115. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[41] Koushik, T.M., Miller, C.M. and Antunes, E. (2023) Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Function of Multi‐Material Hierarchically Structured Scaffolds. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 12, Article ID: 2202766. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[42] El-Nablaway, M., Rashed, F., Taher, E.S., Atia, G.A., Foda, T., Mohammed, N.A., et al. (2024) Bioactive Injectable Mucoadhesive Thermosensitive Natural Polymeric Hydrogels for Oral Bone and Periodontal Regeneration. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 12, Article ID: 1384326. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[43] Liu, B., Wu, J., Sun, X., Meng, Q. and Zhang, J. (2023) Sustained Delivery of Osteogenic Growth Peptide through Injectable Photoinitiated Composite Hydrogel for Osteogenesis. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 11, Article ID: 1228250. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[44] Zhan, Y., Yang, K., Zhao, J., Wang, K., Li, Z., Liu, J., et al. (2024) Injectable and in Situ Formed Dual-Network Hydrogel Reinforced by Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and Loaded with BMP-4 for the Closure and Repair of Skull Defects. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, 10, 2414-2425. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[45] Chen, Z., Lv, Z., Zhuang, Y., Saiding, Q., Yang, W., Xiong, W., et al. (2023) Mechanical Signal‐Tailored Hydrogel Microspheres Recruit and Train Stem Cells for Precise Differentiation. Advanced Materials, 35, e2300180. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[46] Whitehead, J., Griffin, K.H., Gionet-Gonzales, M., Vorwald, C.E., Cinque, S.E. and Leach, J.K. (2021) Hydrogel Mechanics Are a Key Driver of Bone Formation by Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Spheroids. Biomaterials, 269, Article ID: 120607. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[47] Li, G., Gao, F., Yang, D., Lin, L., Yu, W., Tang, J., et al. (2024) ECM-Mimicking Composite Hydrogel for Accelerated Vascularized Bone Regeneration. Bioactive Materials, 42, 241-256. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[48] Wu, S., Gai, T., Chen, J., Chen, X. and Chen, W. (2024) Smart Responsive in Situ Hydrogel Systems Applied in Bone Tissue Engineering. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 12, Article ID: 1389733. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[49] 徐青雨, 张保健, 李红日, 等. 智能响应型水凝胶在关节软骨损伤修复中的应用与进展[J]. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2025, 39(2): 250-256.
[50] Li, D., Chen, K., Tang, H., Hu, S., Xin, L., Jing, X., et al. (2022) A Logic‐Based Diagnostic and Therapeutic Hydrogel with Multistimuli Responsiveness to Orchestrate Diabetic Bone Regeneration. Advanced Materials, 34, Article ID: 2108430. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]