挤压温度对Al-Mg合金光学材料组织及性能的影响

The Effects of Extrusion Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Al-Mg Alloy Optical Materials

摘要: 本文研究了不同挤压温度对Al-Mg合金光学材料微观组织、力学性能及表面质量的影响。研究结果表明：随着挤压温度降低，合金拉伸性能逐渐增大，延伸率逐渐减小，晶粒尺寸和第二相粒子尺寸得到有效细化，金刚石单点车加工后表面粗糙度降低。当挤压温度由410℃降低至350℃时，合金的抗拉和屈服强度分别由225 MPa和116 MPa增大至252 MPa和137 MPa；延伸率由32.1%降低至28.5%；平均晶粒尺寸由横截面88.4 μm减小55.0 μm，纵截面由77.1 μm减小至64.7 μm；第二相粒子尺寸由4.28 μm降低至2.84 μm；表面粗糙度Sa值由0.995 nm降低至0.817 nm，有效提升了表面超精加工表面质量。

Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of different extrusion temperatures on the microstructure, mechanical properties and surface quality of Al-Mg alloy optical materials. The results show that with the decrease of extrusion temperature, the tensile properties of the alloy gradually increase, while the elongation gradually decreases. The grain size and the size of the second-phase particles are effectively refined, and the surface roughness of the diamond after single-point turning is reduced. When the extrusion temperature is reduced from 410˚C to 350˚C, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy increase from 225 MPa and 116 MPa to 252 MPa and 137 MPa, respectively; the elongation decreases from 32.1% to 28.5%; the average grain size decreases from 88.4 μm to 55.0 μm in the cross-section, and from 77.1 μm to 64.7 μm in the longitudinal section; the size of the second-phase particles decreases from 4.28 μm to 2.84 μm; the surface roughness Sa value decreases from 0.995 nm to 0.817 nm, effectively improving the surface quality of the ultra-precision machining.