基于土壤湿度控制的农业灌溉系统

An Agricultural Irrigation System Based on Soil Moisture Control

摘要: 本设计核心在于构建基于土壤湿度检测的智能浇灌系统，其主要由三个功能模块构成：以STC89C52微控制器为核心的控制单元、ADC0832模数转换模块以及LCD1602人机交互界面。系统通过YL-69湿度传感器实时获取土壤含水量模拟信号，经ADC0832转换为数字信号后传输至微控制器。当系统需要获取实时数据时，微控制器会发送控制信号启动模数转换过程。系统运行过程中，预先在微控制器程序中设定湿度阈值参数，当检测值低于预设阈值时自动启动灌溉装置；当湿度值超出安全范围时，系统将激活声光报警模块并切断供水通路，从而实现精准的湿度调控和自动化灌溉管理。

Abstract: The core of this design lies in constructing an intelligent irrigation system based on soil moisture detection, which primarily consists of three functional modules: a control unit centered on the STC89C52 microcontroller, an ADC0832 analog-to-digital conversion module, and an LCD1602 human-machine interface. The system acquires real-time soil moisture analog signals through the YL-69 humidity sensor, which are converted into digital signals by the ADC0832 and transmitted to the microcontroller. When real-time data acquisition is required, the microcontroller sends control signals to initiate the analog-to-digital conversion process. During operation, predetermined humidity threshold parameters are programmed into the microcontroller. The system automatically activates irrigation devices when detected values fall below the preset threshold, while triggering audible and visual alarm modules and cutting off water supply channels when moisture levels exceed safe ranges. This implementation achieves precise humidity regulation and automated irrigation management.