洛克自然权利学说的发展与局限

The Development and Limitation of Locke’s Natural Rights Theory

摘要: 自然权利学说是洛克在17世纪提出的一种影响深远的理论，其从“自然状态”出发，论证人天然拥有生命权、自由权与财产权，进而提出建立有限公权力机构的思想。在洛克的自然权利学说中，有在社会发展新形势下提出的关于理性与权利的新观点，也有囿于时代和阶级展现出的在平等与无产者理解上的局限性。

Abstract: The theory of natural rights is a far-reaching theory proposed by Locke in the 17th century. It starts from the “state of nature” and argues that humans naturally have the right to life, freedom, and property, and then proposes the idea of establishing limited public power institutions. In Locke’s theory of natural rights, there are new perspectives on reason and rights proposed under the new situation of social development, as well as limitations in understanding equality and proletarianism exhibited by the times and classes.