基于语料库软件AntConc对小说《边城》的分析

Analysis of Border Town Based on Corpus Software AntConc

摘要: 运用语料库软件AntConc4.2.4W对沈从文中篇小说《边城》进行量化研究，采用语料库的方法对叙事特征、主要人物、语言特色、主题等进行分析，直观地展现小说的艺术性。研究发现，高频词“了”“翠翠”“祖父”等揭示了小说的叙事时态、核心人物及对话驱动的叙事特点；通过人物在文本中的分布及搭配词分析，清晰呈现了翠翠的纯真形象、祖父的慈爱特质、二老的性格特征及他们之间的情感关联；语言层面，高频比喻词、单纯词及数字的运用凸显了作品质朴灵动的语言风格；核心词“爱”及相关文本分析则深化了对小说人性美与自然美主题的理解。本研究不仅为《边城》的文学阐释提供了实证支持，发掘了文本潜在意义，也验证了语料库方法在解析中国文学作品显性与隐性内容方面的有效性和可行性。

Abstract: The corpus software AntConc4.2.4W is used to quantitatively study Shen Congwen’s novella Border Town, and the corpus method is used to analyze the narrative characteristics, main characters, language characteristics, themes, etc., and intuitively show the artistry of the novel. It is found that the high-frequency words “Liao”, “Cuicui”, “grandfather”, etc. reveal the narrative tense, core characters and dialogue-driven narrative characteristics of the novel. Through the distribution of characters in the text and the analysis of collocations, Cuicui’s innocent image, grandfather’s loving traits, the personality characteristics of the two elders and the emotional relationship between them are clearly presented. At the language level, the use of high-frequency metaphors, simple words and numbers highlights the simple and flexible language style of the work; the core word “love” and related text analysis deepen the understanding of the novel’s themes of human beauty and natural beauty. This study not only provides empirical support for the literary interpretation of Border Town, explores the potential meaning of the text, but also verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the corpus method in analyzing the explicit and implicit content of Chinese literary works.