医疗电商对老年慢性病管理的赋能作用研究

Study on the Enabling Effect of Medical E-Commerce on Chronic Disease Management in the Elderly

摘要: 随着中国老龄化进程加速，老年慢性病管理面临严峻挑战，传统医疗体系在药品供应、就诊便利性和医疗资源分配等方面存在显著不足。医疗电子商务的兴起为改善老年慢性病管理提供了新的解决方案，通过资源赋能、技术赋能、服务赋能和心理赋能等多重机制，重构了医疗服务的供给模式。研究发现，医疗电商通过数字化药品供应链、智能健康监测、在线问诊和健康管理等服务，有效提升了医疗资源的可及性和管理效率。资源赋能解决了老年群体“断药焦虑”问题；技术赋能依托人工智能和大数据实现精准健康管理；服务赋能重构了医患互动模式；心理赋能则增强了老年患者的自我效能感。然而，医疗电商的全面推广仍面临多重限制：数字鸿沟导致老年群体技术使用依赖代际支持；医保报销的线上线下割裂增加了经济负担；老年患者对虚拟医疗服务的信任不足；传统就医习惯与数字医疗模式存在文化认知冲突。为优化医疗电商的赋能效果，建议构建数字包容的政策框架，完善医疗数字化转型的制度供给，建立社会信任治理机制，并推动医疗文化的适应性转型。通过多维度协同改革，医疗电商有望成为老年慢性病管理的重要补充，为构建包容、高效的老年健康服务体系提供支持。

Abstract: With China’s aging population accelerating, elderly chronic disease management faces significant challenges. Traditional healthcare systems demonstrate notable shortcomings in medication supply, access to medical services, and resource allocation. The rise of medical e-commerce has emerged as a new solution to improve elderly chronic disease management. Through mechanisms including resource empowerment, technological advancement, service enhancement, and psychological support, it has restructured medical service delivery models. Research indicates that medical e-commerce effectively enhances healthcare accessibility and management efficiency via digital drug supply chains, smart health monitoring, online consultations, and health management services. Resource empowerment addresses medication discontinuation anxiety among seniors; technological empowerment utilizes AI and big data for precision health management; service enhancement redefines doctor-patient interactions; while psychological empowerment boosts self-efficacy among elderly patients. However, comprehensive implementation of medical e-commerce faces multiple constraints: the digital divide necessitates intergenerational support for technology adoption; fragmented online-offline medical insurance reimbursement increases financial burdens; insufficient trust in virtual healthcare services persists; and cultural conflicts between traditional medical practices and digital models remain. To optimize medical e-commerce’s effectiveness, it is recommended to establish a digitally inclusive policy framework, improve institutional support for healthcare digitization, build social trust governance mechanisms, and promote adaptive transformation of medical culture. Through multidimensional coordinated reforms, medical e-commerce could become a crucial supplement to elderly chronic disease management, supporting the development of inclusive and efficient elderly healthcare systems.