基于AI + 生态的电磁场课程项目式教学改革探索

Reforming the Electromagnetic Field Course with Project-Based Learning in an AI-Powered Ecosystem

摘要: 在AI (人工智能)技术蓬勃发展的背景下，传统《电磁场》课程的教学模式及人才培养方式面临着迫切的改革。本文以项目式教学为核心，电磁场课程的知识体系为基础，结合前沿AI“软技术”，探索并设计了一系列不同难度层次的项目，打破传统知识传授的局限，建立了“师–生–机”协同的AI + 生态。该生态的核心是借助AI技术赋能项目式教学，构成要素为教师、学生和AI系统三方，运行机制在于重塑教学关系与流程。一方面，引入项目式教学模式，将知识导向转变为问题导向，帮助学生在动手实践中掌握基础理论知识，提升学生解决实际工程问题的能力；另一方面，顺应技术发展潮流，AI与电磁场相融合将会使智能超材料、电磁空间感知等电磁场多个应用领域焕发新的光彩，基于AI的项目式教学将为培养新一代电磁领军人才打好基础。

Abstract: Amid the exponential advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), conventional pedagogical models and talent development strategies for the “Electromagnetic Field” curriculum are confronted with an imperative for profound transformation. This paper delineates a pedagogical framework predicated on Project-Based Learning (PBL), which is rooted in the foundational knowledge of electromagnetics and augmented by the integration of state-of-the-art AI technologies. Through this framework, a spectrum of projects with graduated levels of complexity has been designed to transcend the constraints of traditional didactic instruction, culminating in the establishment of a symbiotic “instructor-student-AI” ecosystem. The quintessence of this ecosystem is leveraging AI to empower PBL; its constituents are instructors, students, and AI systems, and its operational mechanism involves the fundamental reconfiguration of pedagogical workflows. Primarily, this model catalyzes a pedagogical pivot from a knowledge-transmission paradigm to a problem-oriented one, thereby facilitating students’ mastery of foundational theories through experiential learning and augmenting their proficiency in resolving tangible engineering challenges. Concurrently, in alignment with contemporary technological trajectories, the convergence of AI and electromagnetics is poised to invigorate diverse application domains, such as intelligent metamaterials and electromagnetic spatial sensing. Consequently, this AI-augmented PBL methodology is instrumental in laying a robust foundation for the cultivation of the next generation of vanguard talent in the field of electromagnetics.