肺康复在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的研究进展

Research Progress of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

摘要: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病是一种肺部的异质性疾病，而肺康复是目前慢阻肺非药物治疗中疗效较为显著的一种方法，旨在对病人进行全面评估后，进行个体化的运动、呼吸训练、营养干预等，为减轻患者的症状并且提高患者生存质量的一项综合治疗方案。自从1974年美国提出“肺康复”一词后，肺康复的概念、形式及内容逐渐发生改变，从仅依靠药物治疗补充到呼吸锻炼，运动训练及中医技术，其已经成为临床医生应用于慢阻肺患者的共识并在指南上已经有所体现。但最佳肺康复方式以及个体化治疗尚无定论且疗效不稳定，也是众多学者现在研究的问题。该文通过检索国内外相关文献来综述慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺康复的研究进展。

Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease of the lung. Pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective method in non-drug treatment of COPD at present. It aims to conduct individualized exercise training, respiratory training and nutritional intervention after a comprehensive assessment of the patient, so as to reduce the symptoms of the patient and improve the quality of life of the patient. After the term “pulmonary rehabilitation” was proposed in the United States in 1974, the concept, form and content of pulmonary rehabilitation gradually changed, from only as a supplement to drug therapy to breathing exercise, sports training and traditional Chinese medicine techniques, which has become the consensus of clinicians to apply to COPD patients and has been reflected in the guidelines. However, the efficacy of early pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with acute exacerbation is still uncertain and has been studied by many scholars. This article reviews the progress of pulmonary rehabilitation in the early stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by searching relevant literature at home and abroad.