陆生贝类的系统分类与多样性格局分析

Systematic Classification and Diversity Pattern Analysis of Terrestrial Shellfish

摘要: 陆生贝类作为软体动物门中生活于陆地环境的腹足类群，因其丰富的形态特征与生态适应性，在系统分类与多样性研究中具有独特地位。本文在回顾陆生贝类生态特性的基础上，系统梳理其分类体系的演进路径，重点分析形态、解剖与分子层面的辨识依据，揭示其多维度分类框架的构建逻辑。进而，从全球与中国两个尺度解析陆生贝类多样性格局的区域特征，指出其在热带岛屿、石灰岩山区等地的特有性分布及生态依赖性，强调其作为生态指示物种与生物地理单元代表的研究价值。通过生态–系统–地理的整合视角，本文旨在为陆生贝类多样性理解与分类研究提供理论支持与现实参照。

Abstract: As a gastropod group of molluscs living in the terrestrial environment, terrestrial molluscs have a unique position in systematic classification and diversity research due to their rich morphological characteristics and ecological adaptability. Based on the review of the ecological characteristics of terrestrial shellfish, this paper systematically combs the evolution path of its classification system, focuses on the identification basis of morphology, anatomy and molecular level, and reveals the construction logic of its multi-dimensional classification framework. Furthermore, the regional characteristics of the diversity pattern of terrestrial shellfish were analyzed from the global and Chinese scales, and its endemic distribution and ecological dependence in tropical islands, limestone mountains and other places were pointed out, emphasizing its research value as a representative of ecological indicator species and biogeographic units. From the perspective of ecology system geography, this paper aims to provide theoretical support and practical reference for the understanding and classification of terrestrial shellfish diversity.