生物标志物在胃癌早期诊断中的研究进展
Research Progress of Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
DOI: 10.12677/jcpm.2025.45453, PDF,   
作者: 乔浩洲, 白 敏：延安大学医学院，陕西 延安；马 鹏：延安大学附属医院，陕西 延安
关键词: 胃癌早期诊断；生物标志物；tsRNAs；细胞外囊泡；Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer； Biomarkers； tsRNAs； EVs
摘要: 目的：了解胃癌早期诊断生物标志物的研究进展，并评估细胞外囊泡、tsRNAs、miRNA等新型生物标志物在胃癌早期诊断的潜力。方法：查阅、分析近年来发表的国内外胃癌早期诊断相关生物标志物的研究成果并进行综述。结果：传统标志物的敏感性、特异性较差，对有潜力的胃癌早期诊断标志物进行探索，结果发现miR-181、miR-652、PDGF-BB、tRF-17-WS7K092、中性粒细胞来源的外泌体等标志物在胃癌早期诊断中有良好的应用价值。结论：新型的生物标志有很高的应用潜力，随着研究的进一步深入可能成为胃癌早期诊断的有效工具。未来的研究需要进一步验证这些标志物的有效性，找出高效、规范的检测方法，推动其在临床中的广泛应用。
Abstract: Objective: To know the progress of research on biomarkers for early diagnosis of stomach cancer and to assess the potential of new biomarkers such as extracellular vesicles, tsRNAs and miRNA for early diagnosis of stomach cancer. Methods: We consulted, analyzed and reviewed the results of the latest national and international research on biomarkers related to the early diagnosis of stomach cancer. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of traditional markers are low. Exploration of potential markers for early diagnosis of stomach cancer has revealed that miR-181, miR-652, PDGF-BB, tRF-17-WS7K092 and exosomes of neutrophic origin have been well used in early diagnosis of stomach cancer. Conclusions: the new biomarkers have high potential for application and could become, as research advances, effective tools for the early diagnosis of stomach cancer. Future research will need to further test the efficacy of these markers and find effective and standardized tests that will promote their widespread use in the clinic.
文章引用：乔浩洲, 白敏, 马鹏. 生物标志物在胃癌早期诊断中的研究进展[J]. 临床个性化医学, 2025, 4(5): 9-18. https://doi.org/10.12677/jcpm.2025.45453

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