接受放疗婴幼儿反复多次麻醉暴露相关问题探讨

Exploration of Related Problems on Repeated Exposure to General Anesthesia during Radiotherapy in Infants and Young Children

摘要: 放射治疗在婴幼儿癌症治疗中起着至关重要的作用。然而，为确保放射治疗的疗效以及治疗过程中的安全性与舒适性，需要采用深度镇静或全身麻醉。全身麻醉下进行放疗存在神经认知、生理以及情绪心理创伤等风险。为实现麻醉安全与放疗效果的平衡，需从麻醉前评估与准备、药物选择、维持与监测、术中护理与管理、术后管理与随访以及多学科协作等方面着手。本文对放射治疗时婴幼儿多次暴露于全身麻醉的潜在风险、诊疗过程中可能出现的相关并发症以及防治措施进行综述，旨在为提高婴幼儿放射治疗中麻醉的安全性提供参考建议。

Abstract: Radiotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of childhood cancers. However, to ensure both the efficacy of radiotherapy and the safety and comfort during the procedure, general anesthesia or deep sedation is required. Administering radiotherapy under general anesthesia carries risks such as neurocognitive, physiological, and emotional-psychological trauma. To achieve a balance between anesthesia safety and radiotherapy effectiveness, it is essential to focus on pre-anesthesia evaluation and preparation, drug selection, maintenance and monitoring, intraoperative care and management, postoperative management and follow-up, as well as multidisciplinary collaboration. This article reviews the potential risks of repeated exposure to general anesthesia during radiotherapy in infants and young children, possible related complications during diagnosis and treatment, and preventive measures, aiming to provide reference suggestions for enhancing anesthesia safety in pediatric radiotherapy.