12例转移性胸腺瘤的临床病理特征分析

Analysis of the Clinicopathological Features of 12 Cases of Metastatic Thymoma

摘要: 目的：探讨12例转移性胸腺瘤的临床病理特征、鉴别诊断及生物学特点。方法：回顾性分析12例转移性胸腺瘤的临床病史、病理特征、免疫表型及生物学特点，结合相关文献进行复习。结果：12例转移性胸腺瘤患者中，男性5例，女性7例，年龄范围为25至81岁。所有患者均有胸腺瘤病史，均通过体检或局部症状提示并经CT检查发现占位性病灶。术后病理或穿刺活检结果，结合免疫组化染色显示：9例为B3型胸腺瘤，2例为B2型胸腺瘤，1例为A型胸腺瘤。结论：所有组织学类型的胸腺瘤均可发生复发和远处转移，B3型胸腺瘤相较于其他类型更易转移且预后较差。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical pathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, and biological features of 12 cases of metastatic thymoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical history, pathological features, immunophenotype, and biological characteristics of 12 cases of metastatic thymoma. Relevant literature was also reviewed. Results: Among the 12 patients with metastatic thymoma, 5 were male and 7 were female, with ages ranging from 25 to 81 years. All patients had a history of thymoma, and the lesions were detected by CT during routine physical examinations or due to local clinical signs. Postoperative pathological examination or biopsy results, combined with immunohistochemical staining, revealed 9 cases of B3-type thymoma, 2 cases of B2-type thymoma, and 1 case of A-type thymoma. Conclusion: Thymomas of all histological types have the potential for recurrence and distant metastasis. B3-type thymoma is more likely to metastasize and has a worse prognosis compared to other types.