周末补觉与COPD风险的横断面研究：睡眠障碍的亚组作用

Weekend Sleep Compensation and COPD Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Subgroup Role of Sleep Disorders

摘要: 目的：探讨周末补觉(Weekend Catch-up Sleep, WCS)行为对慢性阻塞性肺病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD)患病风险的影响，并分析睡眠障碍在该关联中的潜在作用。方法：基于美国国家健康和营养调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES) 2017~2020年横断面数据，纳入6272名参与者。以年龄、BMI、饮酒、高血压等13项变量为协变量，采用多因素logistic回归分析WCS与COPD风险的关联，进一步通过亚组分析评估睡眠障碍的交互效应。结果：WCS行为与COPD存在负相关关系(OR = 0.798, 95% CI:0.653~0.975)；存在睡眠障碍者：WCS与COPD发生存在负相关关系(OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55~0.96, P = 0.023)；无睡眠障碍者：WCS与COPD无显著关联(OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.60~1.06, P = 0.114)。交互作用检验结果表明WCS与COPD的保护性关联强度在有无睡眠障碍的人群中并无显著差异(P交互 = 0.999)。结论：WCS与COPD风险降低相关，但该关联的强度似乎并不依赖于个体是否存在睡眠障碍。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the association between weekend sleep compensation and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and analyze the potential role of sleep disorders in this relationship. Methods: Using cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017~2020, 6272 participants were included. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for 13 covariates (including age, BMI, alcohol consumption, and hypertension) was performed to assess the association between weekend sleep compensation (yes/no) and COPD risk. Subgroup analysis evaluated the interaction effect of sleep disorders. Results: Weekend sleep compensation was inversely associated with COPD risk (OR = 0.798, 95% CI: 0.653~0.975). In the sleep disorder subgroup, weekend sleep compensation significantly reduced COPD risk (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55~0.96, P = 0.023). However, no significant association was observed in participants without sleep disorders (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.60~1.06, P = 0.114). The results of the interaction test showed that there was no significant difference in the strength of the protective association between WCS and COPD between people with and without sleep disorders (P for interaction = 0.999). Conclusion WCS is associated with a reduced risk of COPD, but the strength of this association does not seem to depend on whether an individual has sleep disorders.