新疆主要河流流域近五年水中锶-90放射性水平研究

Study on Sr-90 Radioactivity Levels in Water of Major River Basins in Xinjiang Over the Past Five Years

摘要: 为明确新疆主要河流水体锶-90放射性水平及影响因素，2020~2024年按丰、枯水期，对乌鲁木齐河、伊犁河、额尔齐斯河、塔里木河共6个代表性断面采样，依HJ 815-2016测定锶-90活度浓度。结果显示：五年间浓度范围1.920~6.250 mBq/L，2021年达最高(伊犁河中哈国界断面峰值6.250 mBq/L)，2023~2024年回落；伊犁河中哈国界断面波动最显著。总体水平稳定，与2016年(0.4~11 mBq/L)、2017年(0.51~9.7 mBq/L)全国地表水处于同一范围，推测地质背景与水文季节变化为主要波动因素。

Abstract: To clarify the Sr-90 radioactivity level and influencing factors in major rivers of Xinjiang, surface water samples were collected from 6 representative sections of Urumqi River, Ili River, Irtysh River and Tarim River during wet and dry seasons from 2020 to 2024. Sr-90 activity concentration was determined in accordance with HJ 815-2016. The results showed that the concentration range was 1.920~6.250 mBq/L in five years, reaching the highest in 2021 (peak 6.250 mBq/L at the China-Kazakhstan border section of Ili River) and declining in 2023~2024; the China-Kazakhstan border section of Ili River had the most significant fluctuation. The overall level was stable, which was within the same range as the national surface water levels in 2016 (0.4~11 mBq/L) and 2017 (0.51~9.7 mBq/L). It is inferred that geological background and seasonal hydrological changes are the main fluctuation factors.