煤巷掘进面反射波和面波综合超前探测方法

Integrated Seismic Prediction Method for Coal Roadway Excavation Faces Based on Reflected and Surface Waves

摘要: 基于矿井安全生产要求为保障煤矿掘进巷道的安全掘进，需探查巷道前方是否存在陷落柱和断层等地质异常。煤矿掘进巷道超前探测常采用地震超前探技术，但存在炸药审批困难、施工效率较低和易受干扰等问题。为此，本文提出一种基于反射波和面波勘探的综合煤巷超前地质预报方法，即在巷道掘进面同时进行瞬态面波法和浅层地震反射波法。两种方法相互补充，可有效提升巷道地震超前探测的勘探精度和效率。为验证该方法的有效性，在淮南矿区某掘进巷道进行了实测试验，取得了较好的应用效果。实验结果表明，该方法可以有效地预报巷道掘进前方五十米范围内断层和褶曲等小型地质构造异常。

Abstract: In the context of coal mine safety production, ensuring the safe excavation of coal roadways necessitates the identification of geological anomalies such as collapse pillars and faults ahead of the excavation face. Traditional Mine Seismic Prediction techniques often face challenges, including difficulties in obtaining approval for explosives, low construction efficiency, and susceptibility to interference. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes an integrated seismic prediction method that combines the techniques of reflected wave analysis and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW). Specifically, this approach entails the concurrent utilization of the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) and the Shallow Seismic Reflection Wave (SSR) methods at the excavation face. By harnessing the complementary strengths of these two techniques, the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of seismic advanced exploration in coal roadways. To validate the effectiveness of this method, a field experiment was conducted in a coal roadway under excavation in the Huainan mining area. The results demonstrated that this method can effectively predict small geological structural anomalies, such as faults and folds, within a range of 50 meters ahead of the excavation face. This paper provides a reliable and efficient method for advanced geological forecasting in coal roadways, thereby enhancing safety in coal mining.