智能制造背景下虚拟仿真技术在中职实践教学中的发展困境与路径优化

Development Challenges and Optimization Strategies of Virtual Simulation Technology in Secondary Vocational Practice Teaching under the Background of Intelligent Manufacturing

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨智能制造背景下，虚拟仿真技术在中等职业学校(中职)实践教学中应用时所面临的发展困境，并提出相应的优化路径。研究采用质性研究方法，对浙江省4个城市8所中职学校的15位加工制造类专业教师进行了深度访谈。通过扎根理论对访谈数据进行开放性、轴心和选择性编码分析，研究识别出当前虚拟仿真实践教学中存在的四大核心困境：教学策略与课程体系的建构、教育技术环境的优化与整合、学生学习素养的塑造以及多元教育人际关系的建立。基于这些困境，研究提出了包括教育资源兼容性改造、虚拟仿真平台游戏化、实施分层教学以及构建新型师生互动关系在内的优化策略，以期促进虚拟仿真技术在中职实践教学中的有效应用和发展。

Abstract: This study aims to explore the development dilemmas faced by the application of virtual simulation technology in the practical teaching of secondary vocational schools against the backdrop of intelligent manufacturing, and propose corresponding optimization paths. Adopting a qualitative research approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 teachers specializing in machining and manufacturing from 8 secondary vocational schools across 4 cities in Zhejiang Province. Through open coding, axial coding, and selective coding of interview data based on grounded theory, the study identified four core dilemmas in the current virtual simulation-based practical teaching: the construction of teaching strategies and curriculum systems, the optimization and integration of educational technology environments, the cultivation of students’ learning literacy, and the establishment of diverse educational interpersonal relationships. Based on these dilemmas, the study put forward optimization strategies, including the compatibility transformation of educational resources, the gamification of virtual simulation platforms, the implementation of hierarchical teaching, and the construction of a new teacher-student interaction relationship. It is expected that these strategies will promote the effective application and development of virtual simulation technology in the practical teaching of secondary vocational schools.