ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite的制备及其抗生素催化降解性能研究

Study on Preparation of ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite and Its Catalytic Degradation Performance with Inhibitors

摘要: 为解决纳米铁酸锌(ZnFe₂O₄)团聚严重、催化活性低等问题，采用水热法将ZnFe₂O₄负载于海泡石(Sepiolite)上，制备了ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite复合材料，并用于催化过一硫酸盐(PMS)降解四环素(TCH)污水实验。采用XRD、SEM、XPS、BET等技术对ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite进行表征测试，结果显示ZnFe₂O₄成功均匀负载于海泡石纤维表面，复合材料的比表面积较纯相ZnFe₂O₄提高20%。催化性能测试表明，ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite在pH = 9时对TCH的降解效率最高(90.67%)，较纯相ZnFe₂O₄提高21.44%。此外，共存阴离子实验表明，无机阴离子对ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite催化效果影响不大，说明ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite催化剂具有较好的抗干扰能力。自由基淬灭实验表明，¹O₂和$O_2^{·-}$ 在TCH降解过程中起主要作用。海泡石的引入不仅赋予了复合催化剂较大的比表面积和丰富的暴露活性位点，而且构建了高效的吸附–催化增效体系，对其催化性能起到了重要作用。

Abstract: To address issues such as severe ZnFe₂O₄ aggregation, low specific surface area, and weak catalytic capacity, ZnFe₂O₄ was loaded onto Sepiolite using the hydrothermal method to prepare ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite composite materials, which were then used in experiments for the degradation of tetracycline (TCH) wastewater using persulfate (PMS). XRD, SEM, XPS, and BET techniques were employed to characterize ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite. The results show that ZnFe₂O₄ was successfully and uniformly loaded onto the surface of Sepiolite fibers, with the specific surface area of the composite material increasing by 20% compared to pure ZnFe₂O₄. Catalytic performance tests indicate that ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite has the highest degradation efficiency for TCH at pH = 9 (90.67%), which is 21.44% higher than that of pure ZnFe₂O₄. Additionally, co-ionic experiments show that inorganic anions have little effect on the catalytic performance of ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite, indicating that the ZnFe₂O₄@Sepiolite catalyst has good resistance to interference. Free radical quenching experiments reveal that ¹O₂ and $O_2^{·-}$ play a primary role in the degradation of TCH. The introduction of Sepiolite not only provides the composite catalyst with a large specific surface area and abundant active sites but also constructs an efficient adsorption-catalytic enhancement system, significantly contributing to its catalytic performance.