桂西北岩溶地区中国特有植物任豆种子性状差异及影响因素分析

Analysis of Differences in Seed Traits and Influencing Factors of Chinese Endemic Plant Zenia insignis Chun in Karst Areas of Northwest Guangxi

摘要: 为说明桂西北岩溶地区任豆种子的性状差异及其影响因素，观测了不同种源任豆种子的长度、宽度、厚度、百粒质量、长厚比、长宽比6个表型性状，并对不同种源地土壤基本理化特性及气候地理条件与任豆种子表型性状的相关性进行比较分析。结果表明：1) 桂西北岩溶地区不同种源任豆种子的表型性状均有极显著差异；2) 任豆种子表型性状与土壤理化因子有一定的相关性，土壤有机质含量和碱解氮含量是影响任豆种子表型性状的重要因素，但土壤理化特性不是影响任豆种子表型性状的关键因素；3) 气候地理因子对任豆种子表型性状有一定的影响，任豆种子厚度与海拔高度呈显著正相关，与其余气候地理因子具有一定相关性，但不显著。由此可见，不同种源任豆种子表型性状的差异，是遗传因子和多种环境因子相互作用的结果，但主要还是由其遗传因子所决定。

Abstract: In order to explain the differences in the characteristics and influencing factors of Zenia insignis seeds in the karst areas of northwest Guangxi, six phenotypic traits of Z. insignis seeds from different provenances, including length, width, thickness, hundred seed weight, length to thickness ratio, and length to width ratio, were observed. A comparative analysis was conducted on the correlation between the basic physicochemical characteristics of soil and climatic and geographical conditions in different provenances areas and the phenotypic traits of Z. insignis seeds. The results showed that: 1) there were significant differences in the phenotypic traits of Z. insignis seeds from different provenances in the karst areas of northwest Guangxi; 2) There is a certain correlation between the phenotypic traits of Z. insignis seeds and soil physicochemical factors. The content of soil organic matter and alkaline nitrogen are important factors affecting the phenotypic traits of Z. insignis seeds, but soil physicochemical characteristics are not the key factors affecting the phenotypic traits of Z. insignis seeds; 3) Climate geographical factors have a certain impact on the phenotypic traits of Z. insignis seeds. The thickness of Z. insignis seed is significantly positively correlated with altitude, and has a certain correlation with other climate geographical factors, but not significantly. It can be seen that the differences in phenotypic traits of Z. insignis seeds from different provenances are the result of the interaction between genetic factors and multiple environmental factors, but mainly determined by their genetic factors.