压裂环保创新与可持续发展技术研究

Research on Fracturing Environmental Protection Innovation and Sustainable Development Technology

摘要: 压裂技术作为非常规油气资源开发的关键手段，在提升采收率的同时，其带来的环境问题也日益受到关注。本文着眼于压裂全流程的环保技术创新，从压裂工具、压裂液、压裂支撑剂及压裂返排液四个核心环节，全面阐述绿色压裂技术的研究进展与实践应用。通过深入分析电动压裂设备、防呲漏工具等装备的环保优化措施，NHC压裂液体系等流体技术的创新突破，赤泥基支撑剂、树脂覆膜支撑剂等材料的绿色改良成果，以及电化学氧化、循环利用等返排液处理工艺的效能，揭示了绿色技术在降低碳排放、减少污染、节约水资源方面的协同增效作用。结合现场实际应用数据，验证了这些技术的可行性与有效性，为油气田的可持续开发提供了坚实的理论与实践支撑。

Abstract: As a key means for the development of unconventional oil and gas resources, fracturing technology has attracted increasing attention due to its environmental issues while improving recovery efficiency. This paper focuses on innovations in environmental protection technologies throughout the entire fracturing process, and comprehensively elaborates on the research progress and practical applications of green fracturing technologies from four core aspects: fracturing tools, fracturing fluids, fracturing proppants, and fracturing flowback fluids. By in-depth analysis of environmental optimization measures for equipment such as electric fracturing equipment and anti-leakage tools, innovative breakthroughs in fluid technologies like the NHC fracturing fluid system, green improvement achievements of materials including red mud-based proppants and resin-coated proppants, as well as the efficiency of flowback fluid treatment processes such as electrochemical oxidation and recycling, it reveals the synergistic effects of green technologies in reducing carbon emissions, minimizing pollution, and saving water resources. Combined with on-site practical application data, the feasibility and effectiveness of these technologies are verified, providing solid theoretical and practical support for the sustainable development of oil and gas fields.