云南中低品位胶磷矿粗细粒级分级浮选试验研究

Experimental Study on Size-Classification Flotation of Medium-Low Grade Collophanite in Yunnan

摘要: 针对云南中低品位胶磷矿，在磨矿过程中产生成分分异，粒级不同则成分也不相同，粗粒级物料中P₂O₅有所富集，杂质成分含量降低，而细粒级物料趋于贫化，以云南磷矿为研究对象，原矿在磨矿细度−0.074 mm 78.81%时，沉降虹吸分级获得上、下层粗细颗粒矿物，采用了分级浮选进行了研究，试验结果表明，上层细粒级矿采用反正浮选工艺，获得精矿的品位为29.41%，MgO、Fe₂O₃、Al₂O₃的含量分别为0.79%、1.56%、2.71%，MER值为0.172的选矿指标，下层粗粒级矿采用正反浮选工艺，获得磷精矿的品位为32.34%，MgO、Fe₂O₃、Al₂O₃的含量分别为0.93%、0.67%、0.47%，MER值为0.064的选矿指标。因此针对不同粒级的矿石，采用不同的浮选工艺，获得了不同工艺指标，以及不同品质的磷精矿，可以作为不同磷化工产品的原料。

Abstract: For medium-low-grade collophanite in Yunnan, compositional differentiation occurs during the grinding process. Particles of different size fractions have different compositions. P₂O₅ is enriched in the coarse fraction while impurity content decreases. Conversely, the fine fraction tends to be depleted. Using Yunnan phosphate ore as the research subject, when the original ore was ground to a fineness of 78.81% passing 0.074 mm, settling and siphon classification were used to obtain upper (fine) and lower (coarse) particle fractions. Classified flotation was studied. The test results show: For the upper fine fraction, using a reverse-direct flotation process achieved a concentrate grade of 29.41% P₂O₅, with MgO, Fe₂O₃, and Al₂O₃ contents of 0.79%, 1.56%, and 2.71% respectively, and an MER value of 0.172. For the lower coarse fraction, using a direct-reverse flotation process achieved a phosphate concentrate grade of 32.34% P₂O₅, with MgO, Fe₂O₃, and Al₂O₃ contents of 0.93%, 0.67%, and 0.47% respectively, and an MER value of 0.064. Therefore, by applying different flotation processes tailored to different particle size fractions, distinct process indicators and phosphate concentrates of varying quality were obtained. These concentrates can be used as raw materials for different phosphate chemical products.