响应面法优化超声辅助提取杜仲总黄酮及其抗氧化活性研究

Optimization and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Ultrasound-Assisted Total Flavonoid Extraction from Eucommia ulmoides Using Response Surface Methodology

摘要: 试验通过响应面法优化杜仲总黄酮的提取条件，并评估其抗氧化活性。以杜仲皮为原料，基于单因素试验，通过响应面法优化超声辅助提取杜仲总黄酮的工艺条件，并测定了提取物的抗氧化能力。结果表明，超声时间50 min、乙醇浓度68%和液料比31 mL/g为杜仲总黄酮的最适提取组合。在此条件下，杜仲总黄酮的得率达到3.34%。抗氧化活性结果显示，杜仲总黄酮提取物对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基具有一定的清除效能，而对ABTS⁺自由基和超氧阴离子展现出较强的清除作用，其半抑制浓度IC₅₀分别为0.08 mg/mL和0.06 mg/mL。优化所得的提取工艺合理可行，杜仲提取物表现出良好的抗氧化潜力，为后续将其开发为抗氧化饲料添加剂提供了依据。

Abstract: The extraction process of total flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides and the determination of their antioxidant activity were optimized by response surface methodology. Using Eucommia ulmoides bark as raw material, on the basis of single-factor tests, the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process conditions for total flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides were optimized using response surface methodology, and the antioxidant capacity of the extract was determined. The optimal extraction parameters, determined by response surface methodology, were an extraction time of 50 min, an ethanol concentration of 68%, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 31 mL/g. Under these conditions, a maximum total flavonoid yield of 3.34% was achieved. Furthermore, the obtained extract exhibited significant radical scavenging activity against both DPPH and hydroxyl radicals, while it exhibited stronger scavenging effects on ABTS⁺ radicals and superoxide anions, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) of 0.08 mg/mL and 0.06 mg/mL, respectively. The optimized extraction process of is reasonable and feasible, and the extract of Eucommia ulmoides shows good antioxidant potential, providing a basis for its subsequent development as an antioxidant feed additive.