针灸从五脏论治失眠的研究进展

Research Progress in Acupuncture Treatment of Insomnia from the Perspective of Five Zang-Organs

摘要: 失眠症是一种引起患者对睡眠质量不满，表现为难以入睡或难以维持睡眠的睡眠障碍，中医将失眠称为“不寐”。现代医学主要依赖药物治疗失眠，但可能产生副作用和依赖性。而针灸作为一种治疗失眠的中医传统疗法，既简便又经济，且副作用较小，因此在失眠治疗中备受青睐。针灸通过协调人体脏腑功能调节气血运行，达到改善失眠的效果，为患者提供了新的治疗选择。文章深入探讨了中医学对失眠病因病机的理解，着重阐述了五脏功能失调与失眠之间的紧密联系。通过回顾五脏失调导致失眠的中医经典理论依据以及近年来针灸在失眠治疗中的临床实践及机制研究，文章强调了针灸从调理五脏入手治疗失眠的重要性。同时，结合最新研究成果，文章呼吁在中医调理五脏治疗失眠的传统理论基础上探索更多创新治疗策略向更深层次探寻机制，以期为失眠患者提供更加有效的解决方案、为针灸治疗失眠提供更多有力依据。

Abstract: Insomnia, a sleep disorder characterized by dissatisfaction with sleep quality and difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, is termed “Bu Mei” in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). While modern medicine primarily employs pharmacological interventions for insomnia management, such treatments may carry risks of side effects and dependency. In contrast, acupuncture—a cornerstone TCM therapeutic modality—is gaining recognition in insomnia treatment due to its procedural simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and favorable safety profile. By regulating the functions of the zang-fu organs and harmonizing qi-blood circulation, acupuncture alleviates insomnia symptoms, thus presenting a valuable complementary therapeutic option. This article systematically examines TCM perspectives on the etiology and pathogenesis of insomnia, focusing on the pivotal relationship between dysregulation of the five zang-organs and insomnia onset. Through comprehensive analysis of classical TCM theories concerning insomnia from visceral disharmony, integrated with contemporary clinical evidence and mechanistic studies on acupuncture efficacy, this study elucidates the fundamental role of acupuncture in treating insomnia via regulating the five zang-organs. Furthermore, by synthesizing current research, the article proposes developing novel therapeutic strategies grounded in TCM visceral regulation theory while investigating their underlying mechanisms. These dual objectives aim to provide enhanced clinical solutions for insomnia patients and strengthen the evidence base supporting acupuncture’s efficacy in insomnia management.