弹性髓内钉治疗锁骨骨折的研究进展

Research Progress on the Treatment of Clavicular Fractures with Elastic Intramedullary Nails

摘要: 随着科学的发展以及交通工具的广泛使用，高能量损伤造成的锁骨骨折逐渐增多。过去人们大多只追求骨折处的愈合，所以多采用非手术治疗，例如用八字绷带、反八字绷带等外固定方式来保守治疗，后来研究发现部分锁骨骨折患者经保守治疗后，骨不连的发生概率要高于手术治疗的患者。因此，越来越多的患者开始接受手术治疗，既可以达到解剖复位，也可以降低骨不连的风险，手术多采用钢板进行固定。而随着医学的发展，弹性髓内针被逐渐地应用于一些符合条件的锁骨骨折的治疗中，其骨膜剥离少，对血运的影响小，并且刀口相对于钢板固定来说更小，符合人们追求美的心理。本文就弹性髓内钉治疗锁骨骨折的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract: With the development of science and the widespread use of transportation, clavicle fractures caused by high-energy injuries have gradually increased. In the past, people mostly pursued the healing of fractures, so non-surgical treatments were commonly used, such as external fixation methods like figure-of-eight bandages and reverse figure-of-eight bandages. However, subsequent studies have found that the incidence of nonunion in some clavicle fracture patients after conservative treatment is higher than that in patients who undergo surgical treatment. Therefore, more and more patients have begun to accept surgical treatment, which can not only achieve anatomical reduction but also reduce the risk of nonunion. Plates are mostly used for fixation in such surgeries. With the advancement of medicine, elastic intramedullary nails have gradually been applied in the treatment of clavicle fractures that meet certain criteria. They cause less periosteal stripping, have a smaller impact on blood supply, and result in smaller incisions compared to plate fixation, which aligns with people’s pursuit of aesthetic outcomes. This article reviews the research progress of elastic intramedullary nail in the treatment of clavicle fractures.