基于SBAS-InSAR的南水北调中线工程禹州采空区沉降监测与分析

Settlement Monitoring and Analysis of Yuzhou Goaf in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project Based on SBAS-InSAR

摘要: 南水北调中线一期工程总干渠禹州段采空区稳定性是该工程面临的重要技术挑战。本研究利用2016年2月至2017年4月获取的19景C波段Sentinel-1A升轨雷达影像数据，采用短基线集干涉测量(SBAS-InSAR)技术对新峰煤矿、郭村煤矿、工贸煤矿和福利煤矿等4个采空区的地表形变进行监测分析。监测结果显示：郭村煤矿和工贸煤矿采空区地表沉降最为显著，最大沉降速率分别达到−22 mm/a和−20 mm/a，其中郭村煤矿采空区东侧累计沉降量最大为−22 mm；4个采空区地表变形参数分析表明，最大倾斜变形(−0.782 mm/m)和最大曲率变形(−0.041 mm/m²)均出现在郭村煤矿采空区。通过与二等水准测量数据对比验证，SBAS-InSAR监测结果与水准数据的均方根误差(RMSE)小于2 mm，相关系数高达0.96，两者在形变趋势和量级上均表现出良好的一致性，充分验证了SBAS-InSAR技术在南水北调渠段采空区安全监测中的可靠性和适用性。

Abstract: The stability of goafs in the Yuzhou section of the main canal of the first phase of the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project is an important technical challenge faced by the project. In this study, 19 scenes of C-band Sentinel-1A ascending orbit radar image data obtained from February 2016 to April 2017 were used, and the short-baseline set interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) technology was adopted to monitor and analyze the surface deformation of four goafs, including Xinfeng Coal Mine, Guocun Coal Mine, Gongmao Coal Mine, and Fuli Coal Mine. The monitoring results show that the surface subsidence of the goafs in Guocun Coal Mine and Gongmao Coal Mine is the most significant, with the maximum subsidence rates reaching −22 mm/a and −20 mm/a respectively, among which the maximum cumulative subsidence on the east side of the goaf in Guocun Coal Mine is −22 mm. The analysis of surface deformation parameters of the four goafs shows that the maximum inclined deformation (−0.782 mm/m) and the maximum curvature deformation (−0.041 mm/m²) both occur in the goaf of Guocun Coal Mine. By comparing and verifying with the second-order leveling measurement data, the root mean square error (RMSE) between the SBAS-InSAR monitoring results and the leveling data is less than 2 mm, and the correlation coefficient is as high as 0.96. Both show good consistency in the deformation trend and magnitude, fully verifying the reliability and applicability of the SBAS-InSAR technology in the safety monitoring of goafs in the South-to-North Water Diversion canal section.