神木方言语气副词“贵贱”的语法化探究

A Study on the Grammaticalization of Modal Adverb “Guijian” in the Shenmu Dialect

摘要: “贵贱”是由表示价格高、地位高的“贵”和价格低、地位低的“贱”并举，然后高频使用后成为一个词。通过转喻机制语法化，主观性不断增强，最终成为语气副词，表达“无论如何”的无条件义。神木方言中“贵贱”一词，日常使用频繁，并且有“贵来贱去[kəʔ⁴]”这一变形。

Abstract: “Guijian” is a combination of “gui”, which represents high price and high status, and “jian”, which represents low price and low status. With high-frequency use, it becomes a word. Through the mechanism of metonymy, “guijian” is grammaticalized and its subjectivity continues to increase, eventually becoming a modal adverb that expresses the unconditional meaning of “no matter what”. In the Shenmu dialect, the term “guijian” is frequently used in daily life, and there is a variation of “guilaijianqu [kəʔ⁴]”.