企业低碳行为的测度与多维异质性研究

Study on the Measurement and Multidimensional Heterogeneity of Corporate Low-Carbon Behavior

摘要: 本研究旨在测度并分析上市高碳企业在2013~2023年间的低碳行为。研究的核心方法是融合改进的BERT模型与层次分析法，构建一个新的“企业低碳行为指数”。研究发现，企业低碳行为强度在时间上呈现“缓坡–陡升”的加速趋势；空间上形成“资源禀赋–规制强度”的梯度分异；不同股权结构和行业类别的企业展现出与政策响应、市场机制和技术路径相关的差异化特征。最后，研究试图构建一个“制度压力–动态能力–碳资产资本化”的理论链条，并提出政策建议。

Abstract: This study aims to measure and analyze the low-carbon behavior of listed high-carbon enterprises from 2013 to 2023. The core method of the research is to integrate the improved BERT model with the analytic hierarchy process to construct a new “Enterprise Low-Carbon Behavior Index”. Research has found that the intensity of low-carbon behavior in enterprises shows an accelerating trend of “gentle slope-steep rise” over time; A gradient differentiation of “resource endowment-regulatory intensity” is formed in space; Enterprises with different equity structures and industry categories exhibit differentiated characteristics related to policy responses, market mechanisms, and technological pathways. Ultimately, the study attempts to construct a theoretical chain of “institutional pressure-dynamic capability-carbon asset capitalization” and propose policy recommendations.