论沈约评谢灵运诗“兴会标举”

On Shen Yue’s Comment on Xie Lingyun’s Poem “Inspired Unity of Emotion and Thought”

摘要: 沈约在《宋书·谢灵运传论》中评谢灵运诗为“兴会标举”，使“兴会”说第一次进入了文论领域，并在后世得到流传、使用。谢灵运之“兴”是对物色的感兴；“会”则是谢灵运的玄理体会，是他对自己的人生进行的参悟与自省。沈约的“兴会标举”说指出了谢灵运诗歌的艺术特质，总结了魏晋六朝的创作特色，揭示了文学创作中“心物交感”的规律，因而此说在我国诗论史上具有重要的意义和影响。本文将对“兴会标举”的内涵、意义及其成因等问题进行论述，以加强学界对这一问题的深入研究。

Abstract: In the Biography of Xie Lingyun in the Song Dynasty, Shen Yue commented on Xie Lingyun’s poems as “Inspired Unity of Emotion and Thought”, which made the theory of rejuvenating the society enter the field of literary theory for the first time and was circulated and used in later generations. Xie Lingyun’s “xing” is an interest in looking for excitement; “Hui” is Xie Lingyun’s Hyunri experience, and it is his understanding and introspection of his own life. Shen Yue’s theory of “Inspired Unity of Emotion and Thought” points out the artistic characteristics of Xie Lingyun’s poems, summarizes the creative characteristics of Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, and reveals the law of “sympathy between mind and matter” in literary creation, so this theory has important significance and influence in the history of Chinese poetic theory. This paper will discuss the connotation, significance and causes of the “Inspired Unity of Emotion and Thought” in order to strengthen the in-depth study of this issue in academic circles.