涉外邮轮旅客人身损害赔偿问题的法律规制研究

Research on the Legal Regulation of Personal Injury Compensation for Foreign-Related Cruise Passengers

摘要: 邮轮旅游作为海事司法领域的特殊场景，其法律适用因跨境移动性、主体复杂性及海事基础性特征而面临独特挑战。在涉外邮轮旅客人身损害赔偿案件中，《中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法》第44条规定的“侵权行为地”连接点常因公海属性、航线动态性及多法域交织而陷入认定困境。本文以我国《海商法》修订为契机，探讨侵权法律适用的规则重构路径，提出在保留原有立法框架下通过扩大解释“损害结果影响地”缓解现实矛盾，或在修订中引入最密切联系的原则以建立系统性解决方案。

Abstract: Cruise tourism, as a special scenario in the field of maritime law, faces unique challenges in the application of law due to its cross-border mobility, complex subjectivity and maritime fundamental characteristics. In cases of personal injury compensation for foreign cruise passengers, the “place of tort” connecting factor stipulated in Article 44 of the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Application of Laws to Foreign-Related Civil Relations” often encounters difficulties in determination due to the attribute of the high seas, the dynamic nature of the route and the interweaving of multiple legal jurisdictions. Taking the revision of the “Maritime Code of the People’s Republic of China” as an opportunity, this article explores the path of rule reconstruction for the application of tort law, and proposes to alleviate the practical contradictions by expanding the interpretation of “the place where the damage result has an impact” within the framework of the existing legislation, or to introduce the principle of the closest connection in the revision to establish a systematic solution.