基于GC-MS技术探索参与单次抗阻运动的肥胖男大学生血浆脂质代谢物的变化特征

Exploring the Change Characteristics of Plasma Lipid Metabolites in Obese Male College Students Participating in a Single Session of Resistance Exercise Based on GC-MS Technology

摘要: 目的：本研究基于代谢组学气相色谱–质谱联用(GC-MS)技术，研究肥胖男大学生在单次抗阻运动后血浆脂质代谢物的变化特征，为抗阻运动的减脂作用提供实证依据，并为科学安排减脂运动提供参考。方法：对招募筛选出的13名非体育专业肥胖男大学生进行一次30 min的低强度、高频结合短间歇的抗阻运动，分别于运动前、运动后即刻、运动后60 min和运动后24 h肘静脉釆血，釆集的血液经离心、去蛋白等处理后进行GC-MS代谢组学检测分析。采用MassHunter workstation Quantitative Analysis (v10.0.707.0)、SPSS 25.0等软件和KEGG数据库对数据进行处理与分析，找出与脂质代谢相关的差异代谢物。结果：通过单次抗阻运动后，肥胖男大学生参与脂质代谢的差异代谢物有6个。运动后即刻与运动前相比，棕榈酸和亚油酸显著减少(P < 0.05)。运动后60 min与运动前相比，羟基乙酸显著减少(P < 0.05)。运动后24 h与运动前相比，以及运动后60 min与运动后即刻相比，所有参与脂质代谢的代谢物均无显著性差异(P > 0.05)。运动后24 h与运动后即刻相比，棕榈酸、亚油酸、甘油、山萮酸和胆固醇显著增加(P < 0.05)。运动后24 h与运动后60 min相比，棕榈酸、亚油酸、山萮酸和胆固醇显著增加(P < 0.05)。结论：肥胖男大学生干预前后不同时间点血浆脂质差异代谢物表现出的变化趋势表明，单次30 min的低强度、高频结合短间歇的抗阻运动可以即刻加速肥胖人群的棕榈酸、亚油酸等脂质代谢物的减少，从而有24 h的短时减脂效益。因此，建议拟采用抗阻运动进行减脂的普通高校肥胖学生，可以坚持长期采用低强度每日一次的抗阻方案以帮助减脂。

Abstract: Objective: Based on the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique in metabonomics, the purpose of this study was to explore the changes in plasma lipid metabolites in obese male college students after one bout of resistance exercise. To provide empirical basis for fat-reducing, and provide reference for scientific arrangement of fat-reducing exercise. Methods: Thirteen obese male students who are not majoring in physical education were subjected to a 30-minute low-intensity, high-frequency combined with short-intermittent resistance exercise. Blood was taken from elbow vein before exercise, immediately after exercise, 60 minutes after exercise and 24 hours after exercise. After centrifugation and deproteinization, the collected blood was analyzed by GC-MS metabonomics. The data were processed and analyzed by MassHunter workstation Quantitative Analysis (v10.0.707.0), SPSS software, and KEGG databases. The differential metabolites which mainly contributed to lipid metabolism were found. Results: There were 6 metabolic markers for obese male college students to participate in lipid metabolism after one bout of resistance exercise. Compared with before exercise, palmitic acid and linoleic acid decreased significantly immediately after exercise (P < 0.05). Glycolic acid decreased significantly 60 minutes after exercise (P < 0.05). All metabolites involved in lipid metabolism had no significant difference 24h after exercise (P > 0.05). Compared with immediately after exercise, all metabolites involved in lipid metabolism had no significant difference 60 minutes after exercise (P > 0.05). Palmitic acid, linoleic acid, glycerol, behenic acid and cholesterol increased significantly 24 hours after exercise (P < 0.05). Compared with 60 minutes after exercise, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, behenic acid and cholesterol increased significantly 24 hours after exercise (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The changes of plasma lipid metabolites of obese male college students at different time points before and after exercise indicate that one bout of 30-minutes, low-intensity and high-repetition combined with short-term resistance exercise can accelerate the lipid metabolism in obese people, and achieve excess oxygen after exercise consumption increases, thereby reducing body fat accumulation, achieving the short-term fat loss benefit of maintaining 24 hours. Therefore, it is recommended that college obese students who plan to use resistance exercises to reduce fat can stick to a low-intensity once a day or medium to high intensity once every other day to achieve long-term fat reduction effects.