肥胖群体对减重手术认知情况的横断面调查

Investigation and Analysis of Obese Individuals’ Perceptions of Weight Loss and Bariatric Surgery

摘要: 目的：调查肥胖群体对减重手术的认知现状，并分析该群体对减重手术的认知是否存在认知偏差。方法：采取便利抽样法抽取浙江省内260名肥胖群体作为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、减重手术认知情况调查表，调查肥胖群体对减重手术的认知情况。使用问卷星在线收集数据，采用SPSS27.0对数据进行统计分析。结果：本研究共收回有效问卷243份，有效回收率为93.46%。30.86%的研究对象对减重手术适用范围方面熟悉，28.81%的研究对象对减重手术并发症方面熟悉。研究对象对减重手术的态度非常支持和比较支持各占29.63%、37.86%。69.15%的研究对象认为减重手术作用是为了减轻体重。结论：肥胖群体对于减重手术的信息来源渠道单一，较依赖医疗机构，肥胖群体对减重手术存在“重效果，轻风险”的认知偏差。未来医院可通过定期开展减重相关科普讲座进行健康宣教，以期提高肥胖群体对减重及减重手术的认知程度。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current status of cognition about bariatric surgery among obese individuals and analyze whether there is a cognitive bias in their understanding of bariatric surgery. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select 260 obese individuals in Zhejiang Province as the research subjects. The general information questionnaire and the bariatric surgery cognition questionnaire were adopted to investigate their understanding of bariatric surgery. Data were collected online through Wenjuanxing, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0. Results: A total of 243 valid questionnaires were recovered in this study, with an effective recovery rate of 93.46%. 30.86% of the subjects were familiar with the applicable scope of bariatric surgery, and 28.81% were familiar with the complications of bariatric surgery. Regarding attitudes toward bariatric surgery, 29.63% and 37.86% of the subjects showed “very supportive” and “relatively supportive” attitudes, respectively. 69.15% of the subjects believed that the role of bariatric surgery was to lose weight. Conclusion: The information sources about bariatric surgery for obese individuals are single, and they rely heavily on medical institutions. There is a cognitive bias of “emphasizing effects while ignoring risks” in their understanding of bariatric surgery. In the future, hospitals can carry out regular science lectures on weight loss to conduct health education, aiming to improve the cognitive level of obese individuals about weight loss and bariatric surgery.