学龄期哮喘患儿气质特征与肺功能锻炼行为的关联性分析及临床参考

Analysis of the Association between Temperament Characteristics and Pulmonary Function Exercise Habits in School-Aged Children with Asthma and Its Clinical Implications

摘要: 目的：分析学龄期哮喘患儿的气质特点与肺功能锻炼行为依从性之间的关系。方法：选取2023年12月至2024年12月在我院就诊的96例学龄期哮喘患儿作为研究对象。使用学龄期儿童气质量表(CSTS)和自制肺功能锻炼行为调查表，评估患儿的气质特征和锻炼依从性，并进行Pearson相关分析。结果：患儿气质因子中的反应强度与肺功能锻炼行为依从性呈负相关(P < 0.05)，适应性与肺功能锻炼行为依从性呈正相关(P < 0.05)；从气质特征类型来看，困难型和发动缓慢型患儿与肺功能锻炼行为依从性呈负相关(P < 0.05)，平易型与肺功能锻炼行为依从性呈正相关(P < 0.05)。结论：学龄期哮喘患儿的气质类型会影响肺功能锻炼的依从性，建议根据气质特点制定个性化护理计划。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relationship between temperament characteristics and compliance with pulmonary function exercise habits in school-aged children with asthma. Methods: A total of 96 school-aged children with asthma treated in our hospital from December 2023 to December 2024 were included. The Chinese School Children Temperament Scale (CSTS) and a self-developed pulmonary function exercise compliance questionnaire were used to assess temperament traits and exercise adherence, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to examine the associations. Results: Among the temperament factors, reactivity intensity was negatively correlated with pulmonary function exercise habits compliance (P < 0.05), while adaptability showed a positive correlation (P < 0.05). In terms of temperament subtypes, children with difficult and slow-to-warm-up temperaments exhibited lower pulmonary function exercise habits adherence (P < 0.05), whereas those with an easy-going temperament demonstrated higher compliance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The temperament type of school-aged children with asthma affects their compliance with pulmonary function exercises. It is recommended to develop tailored nursing plans based on their temperament characteristics.