全球贸易变局下链主企业韧性演化路径与驱动力研究——以京东方为例

Research on the Evolution Path and Driving Forces of Enterprise Resilience in Chain Owner Enterprises under Global Trade Reshaping—A Case Study of BOE

摘要: 在全球贸易摩擦、地缘博弈与产业周期性波动交织的背景下，链主企业的韧性已成为产业链稳定的关键。本文以半导体显示行业的链主企业京东方为例，构建涵盖抵抗、恢复、转型与协同四个维度的企业韧性评价体系，并基于熵权-TOPSIS法对其2020~2024年的韧性进行测度与分析。结果显示，公司韧性总体呈类“N”型波动：2021年受市场景气推动达到高点，2022年触底，随后稳步回升。深入分析驱动机制表明，早期的高得分更多依赖外部周期性红利，而近年韧性修复主要得益于技术创新、业务转型升级、纵向协同带来的内生性能力提升。研究揭示了链主企业由被动依赖市场环境向主动构建可持续韧性的转变过程，并为其他企业提供了发展方向。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of intertwined global trade frictions, geopolitical complexities, and industrial cyclical fluctuations, the Enterprise Resilience of chain owner enterprises has become crucial for industrial chain stability. This paper takes BOE, a chain owner enterprise in the semiconductor display industry, as a case study. It constructs an evaluation framework for Enterprise Resilience covering four dimensions—Resistance, Recovery, Transformation, and Synergy—and employs the Entropy-TOPSIS method to measure and analyze its performance from 2020 to 2024. The results show that the company’s overall resilience exhibits an “N-shaped” fluctuation: reaching a peak in 2021 driven by market prosperity, bottoming out in 2022, and subsequently recovering steadily. An in-depth analysis of the driving mechanisms indicates that the high score in the early period relied more on external “cyclical dividends”, whereas the recent resilience recovery is primarily attributed to the enhancement of “endogenous capabilities” driven by technological innovation, business transformation, and vertical synergy. This study reveals the transformation process of chain owner enterprises from a passive reliance on market conditions to the proactive construction of sustainable resilience, offering a developmental direction for other similar firms.