中医针灸治疗急性期周围性面瘫研究进展

Research Progress on the Treatment of Acute Peripheral Facial Paralysis with Traditional Chinese Acupuncture

摘要: 周围性面瘫是临床常见病，多由病毒感染、免疫因素、受寒等诱发，急性期症状可在数小时至数天内达高峰，患者表现为口角歪向一侧、额纹消失、闭目不全、味觉、听觉异常等。急性期是治疗的最佳窗口期，如治疗不及时或误治，易迁延为不可逆转后遗症(如面肌挛缩)，严重影响患者面部功能及心理健康。经查阅国内外相关资料及临床验证，中医针灸可通过调节神经兴奋性、改善局部微循环等机制，在急性期介入可显著提升疗效，优势明显，且副作用小，安全性高。本人系统整理了该病近5年来采用中医针灸治疗的研究进展，对比分析不同针刺手法及其联合疗法的疗效差异，为临床治疗急性期周围性面瘫和优化治疗方案提供适当参考依据，并提出了对此病研究方向的展望。

Abstract: Peripheral facial paralysis is a common clinical condition, frequently triggered by factors such as viral infections, immune responses, and exposure to cold. Symptoms during the acute phase can peak within hours to days. Clinical manifestations may include deviation of the mouth to one side, loss of forehead wrinkles, incomplete eyelid closure, as well as abnormalities in taste and hearing. The acute stage represents a critical window for treatment. Delayed or incorrect diagnosis may lead to irreversible sequelae, such as facial muscle contractures, significantly impacting both facial function and psychological health. Based on a review of relevant domestic and international literature and clinical evidence, traditional Chinese acupuncture has been shown to significantly improve treatment outcomes in the acute phase. Its mechanisms include modulating neural excitability and enhancing local microcirculation. Acupuncture offers distinct advantages, including minimal side effects and a high safety profile. This article systematically reviews research progress over the past five years regarding traditional Chinese acupuncture for this condition, compares the efficacy of various acupuncture techniques and combination therapies, and provides a reference for optimizing clinical management of acute peripheral facial paralysis. Future research directions are also proposed.