基本词汇中相反相对类偏义复词的形成探究——以“深浅”为例

An Investigation into the Formation of Typical Compounds with the Meaning Inclined to One Word in Basic Vocabulary—Taking “Shēnqiǎn” as an Example

摘要: 偏义复词是汉语词汇发展过程中的特殊现象，它由两个意义相近或相反的语素组合而成，唯有一个语素发挥实际作用。其中相反类语素叠合而成的偏义复词在汉语基本词汇中比较典型。本文以隶属该类的偏义复词“深浅”为代表，梳理其历时发展脉络，考察其共时存现特点，探明其整体演变走向。

Abstract: Typical compounds with the meaning inclined to one word represent a unique phenomenon in the development of Chinese vocabulary. Composed of two morphemes with similar or opposite meanings, only one morpheme functions effectively. Among these, typical compounds with the meaning inclined to one word formed by the combination of antonymous morphemes are particularly typical in the Chinese lexicon. Taking the typical compounds with the meaning inclined to one word “shēnqiǎn” (深浅) as representative of this category, this paper traces its diachronic development, examines its synchronic coexistence features, and clarifies its overall evolutionary trajectory.