生态翻译学视角下文化负载词英译分析——以湘西地区外宣资料为例

Analysis of English Translation of Culture-Loaded Words from the Perspective of Eco-Translatology—A Case Study of International Publicity Materials from Western Hunan Region

摘要: 湘西土家族苗族自治州以其独特的自然风光、深厚的历史文化和浓郁的民族风情而闻名，是推动区域发展与民族交融的重要承载地。外宣资料作为展现湘西风貌的关键载体，富含大量具有中国民族特色的文化负载体，然而其在跨文化传播过程中面临语义空缺和文化缺省等翻译难题。目前，相关英译实践多数仍停留在表层语言转换，未剖析其深刻文化内涵和底蕴，难以满足全球化背景下文化外宣的需求。笔者发现生态翻译学中的语言维、文化维与交际维转换理论可以很好地指导湘西外宣资料中文化负载词的翻译。因此，本文基于生态翻译学理论，以“三维转换”分析框架，重点探讨湘西外宣资料中的非物质文化遗产在翻译过程中的词义空缺和文化空缺现象，研究如何适应翻译的生态环境从而准确传递源语文化的信息与内涵，从而推动湘西民族文化的对外宣传与国际认同。本文所采用的外宣材料语料主要来源于《神秘湘西》画册及湘西地区文旅宣传官方文本。

Abstract: The Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is renowned for its unique natural scenery, profound historical culture, and rich ethnic customs, serving as a significant area for promoting regional development and ethnic integration. As a crucial medium for showcasing Xiangxi’s image, international publicity materials contain a wealth of culture-loaded words with distinctive Chinese ethnic characteristics. However, their cross-cultural communication faces translation challenges such as semantic gaps and cultural default. Currently, most related English translation practices remain at the level of superficial linguistic transfer, failing to delve into their profound cultural connotations and essence, thus hardly meeting the demands of cultural publicity in the context of globalization. The author finds that the theory of three-dimensional transformation (linguistic, cultural, and communicative) within Eco-Translatology can effectively guide the translation of culture-loaded words in Xiangxi’s publicity materials. Therefore, Based on the theory of Eco-Translatology and using the “three-dimensional transformation” analytical framework, this paper focuses on the phenomena of semantic and cultural gaps in the translation of intangible cultural heritage items found in Xiangxi’s publicity materials. It researches how to adapt to the translational eco-environment to accurately convey the information and connotations of the source culture, thereby promoting the international publicity and recognition of Xiangxi’s ethnic culture. The source materials for the external publicity used in this article mainly come from the “Mysterious Xiangxi” album and the official tourism and culture promotion texts of the Xiangxi region.