跨文化传播视角下中国影视作品习语字幕翻译策略研究

Research on the Translation Strategy of Idiom Subtitles of Chinese Film and Television Works from the Perspective of Cross-Cultural Communication

摘要: 在中华文化多元交流的背景下，中国影视作品通过借助习语这一文化凝练载体，向世界传递中国价值与文化内涵。但受习语的文化负载性、隐喻独特性及字幕翻译的时空限制的影响，跨文化传播中常出现“文化折扣”现象。本文以跨文化传播为导向，融合功能对等理论、目的论及文化翻译观，系统剖析汉语习语在字幕翻译中的核心特征与传播挑战，构建“文化显影”“价值转码”“接受调适”三大策略体系。研究结合《觉醒年代》《甄嬛传》《山海情》等典型案例，探讨直译异化、隐喻移植、分层翻译等具体方法，提出通过多模态协同(如字幕与画面、注释结合)与动态策略适配，平衡文化原真性与国际接受度。研究发现，跨文化传播视角下的习语翻译需突破单一语言转换，借助文化特质保留、国际话语对接及受众接受度调适，实现从语言转换到文化认同的深层传播，为中国影视作品跨越文化壁垒、提升国际传播效能提供理论与实践路径。

Abstract: In the context of diverse exchanges in Chinese culture, Chinese film and television works convey Chinese values and cultural connotation to the world through idioms, which are cultural condensation carriers. However, the cultural load, metaphorical uniqueness, and temporal and spatial limitations of subtitle translation often lead to “cultural discounts” in cross-cultural communication. Guided by cross-cultural communication, this paper integrates functional equivalence theory, teleology and cultural translation concept, systematically analyzes the core characteristics and communication challenges of Chinese idioms in subtitle translation, and constructs three strategic systems of “cultural development”, “value transcoding” and “acceptance and adaptation”. Combined with typical cases such as “The Age of Awakening”, “The Legend of Zhen Huan”, and “Mountains and Seas”, this paper discusses specific methods such as literal translation alienation, metaphorical transplantation, and hierarchical translation, and proposes to balance cultural authenticity and international acceptance through multimodal collaboration (such as the combination of subtitles, pictures, and annotations) and dynamic strategy adaptation. It is found that idiom translation from the perspective of cross-cultural communication needs to break through a single language conversion, and realize the deep communication from language conversion to cultural identity with the help of cultural identity preservation, international discourse docking and audience acceptance adjustment, so as to provide a theoretical and practical path for Chinese film and television works to overcome cultural barriers and improve international communication efficiency.