马克思劳动辩证法视域下的数字劳动探析

An Analysis of Digital Labor from the Perspective of Marx’s Dialectics of Labor

摘要: 马克思的劳动辩证法包含丰富而深刻的内容，展现了由劳动结构内部矛盾推动下的劳动形态的运动和演变的历史过程。以劳动辩证法当中的生产力与生产关系的辩证运动、具体劳动与抽象劳动的辩证关系和异化劳动与自由劳动的辩证关系三个方面对数字劳动进行分析和解读，可以看出数字劳动的生产性、资本与劳动力结合形式的变化、价值创造过程等多个方面都发生了新改变。这些变化既体现了数字劳动在推动生产力发展和经济增长中的重要作用，也揭示了在数字资本主义条件下数字劳动异化的问题，文章从宏观、中观和微观三个层面提出了克服异化的现实路径。

Abstract: Marx’s dialectics of labor is rich and profound, presenting the historical process of the movement and evolution of labor forms driven by internal contradictions within the labor structure. By analyzing and interpreting digital labor from three aspects of the dialectical movement between productive forces and production relations, the dialectical relationship between concrete labor and abstract labor, and the dialectical relationship between alienated labor and free labor in the labor dialectics, it can be seen that new changes have occurred in multiple aspects of digital labor, such as its productivity, the changing forms of capital and labor force combination, and the value creation process. These changes not only reflect the important role of digital labor in promoting the development of productive forces and economic growth, but also reveal the problem of digital labor alienation under the conditions of digital capitalism. From the macro, meso and micro levels, realistic paths to overcome alienation are proposed.