云南省林业碳汇潜力评估与经济价值实现研究——基于双案例的多主体协作模式分析

Evaluation of Forestry Carbon Sequestration Potential and Realization of Economic Value in Yunnan Province—A Multi-Stakeholder Collaborative Model Analysis Based on Dual-Case Studies

摘要: 在全球气候变暖背景下，林业碳汇作为应对气候变化的重要手段，其经济价值实现受到广泛关注。云南省凭借丰富的森林资源和多样的自然地理条件，在林业碳汇开发中展现出巨大潜力，但其碳汇价值向经济价值转化的路径仍需进一步探索。本文选取腾冲市和元谋县的碳汇项目，对比分析多主体协作模式下云南省林业碳汇项目的经济价值实现路径及其制约因素。研究发现：一是多主体协作模式有利于整合林地资源，推动碳汇项目实施，但不同模式的实施效果存在差异；二是碳汇项目实施过程中的成本投入、市场成熟度以及收益模式也在不同程度上制约了碳汇经济价值的实现。最后从开发、交易、分配三个阶段以及每个阶段可能面临的法律风险提出相关优化路径，进一步提升碳汇经济价值的实现程度。

Abstract: Under the global warming context, forestry carbon sinks, as a critical tool for addressing climate change, have garnered widespread attention for their economic value realization. Leveraging abundant forest resources and diverse natural geographical conditions, Yunnan Province demonstrates significant potential in developing forestry carbon sinks. However, pathways for translating carbon sink value into economic benefits require further exploration. This paper examines carbon sink projects in Tengchong City and Yuanmou County, conducting a comparative analysis of the economic value realization pathways and constraints of forestry carbon sink projects in Yunnan Province under multi-stakeholder collaboration models. Key findings include: (1) Multi-stakeholder collaboration models facilitate the integration of forest resources and promote project implementation, yet effectiveness varies across models; (2) Cost investments, market maturity, and revenue models during project implementation constrain the economic value realization of carbon sinks to varying degrees. Finally, optimization pathways are proposed across the development, transaction, and distribution stages—together with the legal risks inherent in each—to further enhance the realization of carbon-sink economic value.