张载气论的“象”概念探微

An Analysis of the Concept of “Xiang” in Zhang Zai’s Theory of Qi

摘要: 张载的气论将“气”视为宇宙万物的本体，而“象”则是“气”的表现形态。本文揭示了“象”在张载哲学体系中的重要性，阐述了形与象的关系问题，有助于理解“有气方有象”以及“凡象皆气”的两个重要命题。“象”概念构成张载气论哲学体系的核心枢轴，承载着重要的理论体系建构的功能。

Abstract: Zhang Zai’s theory of Qi regards “Qi” as the fundamental substance of all things in the universe, while “Xiang” (phenomenal manifestation) represents the expressive form of “Qi”. This paper reveals the significance of “Xiang” within Zhang Zai’s philosophical system, elucidates the relationship between form (“Xing”) and manifestation (“Xiang”), and contributes to the understanding of two key propositions: “Where there is Qi, there is manifestation” and “All manifestations are Qi”. The concept of “Xiang” serves as the pivotal axis of Zhang Zai’s philosophical system of Qi theory, carrying important functions in the construction of its theoretical framework.