“时”半功倍：“时间银行”参与意愿研究与优化

“Time” Doubles the Effectiveness: Research and Optimization of Participation Willingness in Time Banking

摘要: 随着我国人口老龄化程度的加剧，传统养老服务模式面临巨大挑战。“时间银行”互助养老模式作为一种创新形式，通过“服务储蓄–兑换”机制，融合了政府引导、社会协调与居民自主参与的多重元素。志愿者通过提供服务获得时间币，未来可用时间币兑换养老服务。然而，该模式在推广过程中存在社会公众认知不足、计量标准不统一及居民参与意愿低等问题。本研究采用多分类Logistic回归方法，分析了上海地区居民参与“时间银行”的影响因素，结果显示自评身体健康状况、社交功能需求等因素显著影响居民参与意愿。研究建议通过量化“时间币”标准，对积分兑换比例、权益有效期等核心要素进行明确；优化适老设计，打造简洁直观的操作界面；提供个性化服务，包含远程指导、心理关怀等方式，提升居民对“时间银行”的信任度和参与积极性，推动该模式的健康可持续发展。

Abstract: With the intensification of population aging in China, traditional elderly care service models are facing significant challenges. The “Time Bank” mutual assistance elderly care model, as an innovative form, operates through a “service savings-exchange” mechanism, integrating multiple elements such as government guidance, social coordination, and resident participation. Volunteers earn time coins by providing services and can redeem elderly care services with these coins in the future. However, during its promotion, this model faces issues such as insufficient public awareness, non-uniform measurement standards, and low resident willingness to participate. This study employs multinomial logistic regression to analyze factors influencing residents’ participation in the “Time Bank” in Shanghai. Results show that self-assessed health status, demand for social functions, and other factors significantly impact participation willingness. Research recommends quantifying “time coins” standard, clarifying key elements like exchange ratios and rights validity; optimizing design for simplicity; offering personalized services such as remote guidance and psychological care to boost trust and participation in “Time Bank”, supporting their healthy, sustainable growth.