CD13、CD28、ARG-1的生物学特性与消化道恶性肿瘤之间的关系研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between the Biological Characteristics of CD13, CD28, and ARG-1 and Digestive Tract Malignant Tumors

摘要: 消化系统恶性肿瘤(含食管癌、胃癌、肝癌等)发病率与死亡率一直居高不下，2022年结直肠癌、胃癌、肝癌三者发病率占全球恶性肿瘤18.8%、死亡率占23.9%，当前，在消化道恶性肿瘤的免疫相关机制研究中，CD13、CD28、ARG-1三大分子已成为领域内的核心研究热点，本文系统综述三者的分子结构、表达分布、生理功能及病理关联，重点分析三者在胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌等消化道肿瘤中的表达特征、作用机制及临床意义，旨在为消化系统恶性肿瘤的早期诊断、预后评估及靶向治疗提供理论依据与研究方向。

Abstract: The incidence and mortality rates of malignant tumors of the digestive system (including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, etc.) have remained consistently high. In 2022, the incidence of colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, and liver cancer accounted for 18.8% of global malignant tumors, while their mortality accounted for 23.9%. Currently, in research on the immune-related mechanisms of digestive tract malignant tumors, three key molecules—CD13, CD28, and ARG-1—have become core research hotspots in the field. This article systematically reviews the molecular structure, expression distribution, physiological functions, and pathological associations of these three molecules, with a focus on analyzing their expression characteristics, mechanisms of action, and clinical significance in digestive tract tumors such as gastric cancer, liver cancer, and colorectal cancer. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis and research directions for the early diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and targeted therapy of malignant tumors of the digestive system.