干旱胁迫对奇亚籽生理特性的影响

The Effect of Drought Stress on the Physiological Characteristics of Chia Seeds

摘要: 以日光温室中栽植的奇亚籽、辣椒和菠菜三种作物为实验材料，在持续干旱条件下，测定叶片的叶绿素、丙二醛(MDA)及可溶性蛋白的含量并分析其中的差异，探究干旱胁迫下奇亚籽的生理响应特征，为耐旱作物筛选及干旱区种植提供理论支撑。结果表明，随着干旱胁迫的持续增加，奇亚籽表现出较高的光合保护性和渗透调节能力。叶绿素含量比菠菜和辣椒分别高出356.52%和585.71%，光合保护机制高效；MDA含量比菠菜低14.8%，比辣椒高0.2%，膜脂过氧化程度轻，膜系统稳定性强；可溶性蛋白含量比辣椒和菠菜分别高出38.5%和12.5%，渗透调节能力突出，表明奇亚籽通过协同生理机制具有更高的抗旱性。

Abstract: In a solar greenhouse, chia seeds, chili peppers, and spinach were used as experimental materials. Under prolonged drought conditions, the contents of chlorophyll, malondialdehyde (MDA), and soluble proteins in leaves were measured and analyzed to explore the physiological responses of chia seeds under drought stress, providing theoretical support for drought-resistant crop screening and cultivation in arid regions. The results showed that as drought stress persisted, chia seeds exhibited higher photoprotective properties and osmotic adjustment capacity. The chlorophyll content in chia seeds was 356.52% and 585.71% higher than that in spinach and chili peppers, respectively, indicating an efficient photosynthetic protection mechanism. The MDA content in chia seeds was 14.8% lower than that in spinach but only 0.2% higher than that in chili peppers, suggesting less membrane lipid peroxidation and stronger membrane system stability. The soluble protein content in chia seeds was 38.5% and 12.5% higher than that in chili peppers and spinach, respectively, highlighting its prominent osmotic adjustment ability. These findings indicate that chia seeds possess higher drought resistance through concerted physiological mechanisms.