金属有机框架在印染废水处理中的研究进展
Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks in the Treatment of Printing and Dyeing Wastewater
DOI: 10.12677/aep.2025.1510151, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 杨安兴, 罗 慧, 李炎宝, 胡 冲*：江西科技师范大学生命科学学院，江西 南昌；苏 婧*, 刘 峰：江西科技师范大学化学化工学院，江西 南昌
关键词: 金属有机框架；印染废水；光催化；吸附；降解；Metal-Organic Frameworks； Printing and Dyeing Wastewater； Photocatalysis； Adsorption； Degradation
摘要: 随着印染工业的快速发展，染料废水引发的环境问题对生态系统和人类健康构成严重威胁。金属有机框架材料(MOFs)因其具有高比表面积、可调控的孔隙结构、丰富的表面活性位点及易于功能化，成为废水处理领域的研究热点。本文系统综述了MOFs在印染废水治理中的双重作用机制：一方面，基于静电吸附、氢键作用、离子交换、路易斯酸碱相互作用及π-π堆积等多元吸附机制，MOFs可实现对染料分子的高效选择性捕获；另一方面，通过能带结构调控和光生载流子分离优化，MOFs及其复合材料展现出显著的光催化降解性能。分析通过构建异质结、缺陷工程及功能化修饰等方法，能有效提升MOFs的选择性、稳定性和降解效率，为开发高效–稳定–低能耗的印染废水处理技术提供理论依据和技术参考。
Abstract: With the rapid development of the printing and dyeing industry, environmental issues caused by dye wastewater pose severe threats to ecosystems and human health. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), characterized by their high specific surface area, tunable pore structures, abundant surface active sites, and facile functionalization, have emerged as a research hotspot in wastewater treatment. This review systematically elaborates on the dual mechanisms of MOFs in treating dye-containing wastewater: On one hand, MOFs enable efficient and selective capture of dye molecules through multiple adsorption mechanisms, including electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, ion exchange, Lewis acid-base interactions, and π-π stacking. On the other hand, via band structure modulation and optimization of photogenerated carrier separation, MOFs and their composite materials exhibit remarkable photocatalytic degradation performance for various dyes. The analysis highlights that strategies such as constructing heterojunctions, defect engineering, and functionalization can significantly enhance the selectivity, stability, and degradation efficiency of MOFs. These advancements provide theoretical foundations and technical references for developing highly efficient, stable, and energy-saving technologies for dye wastewater remediation.
文章引用：杨安兴, 罗慧, 李炎宝, 苏婧, 刘峰, 胡冲. 金属有机框架在印染废水处理中的研究进展[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2025, 15(10): 1368-1379. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2025.1510151

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