夫妻一方打赏网络直播法律救济问题研究

Research on Legal Remedies for the Issue of One Spouse’s Tipping in Online Live Streaming

摘要: 2025年，《婚姻家庭编司法解释(二)》经公布并得以生效，该解释对夫妻其中一方使用夫妻共同财产打赏网络直播的行为的规范内容较之原征求意见稿作出了较大删改。在原意见稿中，法院为夫妻打赏一方的不知情相对方提供两种救济方式，对外可以请求直播平台或者主播退还打赏款项，对内可以请求追究打赏一方的侵权责任。但是在生效的司法解释中，删除了对外救济的规定。此类纠纷的核心问题是，明确打赏行为的法律性质，以及公序良俗原则以及家事代理权制度在其中的应用。此外，尽管司法解释删除了夫妻一方可请求直播平台或主播返还打赏款项的规定，但或存在通过无权处分制度寻求救济的可能性，核心在于突破传统合同相对性原则，将婚姻内部代理权瑕疵穿透至网络直播平台等外部法律关系。

Abstract: In 2025, the “Judicial Interpretation on Marriage and Family (II)” was published and came into effect. This interpretation made significant revisions to the normative content regarding the behavior of one spouse using their joint property to reward live streaming on the internet, compared to the original draft for soliciting opinions. In the original draft of the opinion, the court provides two remedies for one spouse who is unaware of the other's tipping. Externally, the court can request the live streaming platform or anchor to refund the tipping amount, and internally, the court can request that the tipping party be held liable for infringement. However, in the effective judicial interpretation, the provision on external remedies has been deleted. The core issue of such disputes is to clarify the legal nature of tipping behavior, as well as the principles of public order and good customs, and the application of the family agency system in it. In addition, although the judicial interpretation has removed the provision that one spouse can request the live streaming platform or anchor to return the reward payment, there may be a possibility of seeking relief through the system of unauthorized disposal. The core lies in breaking through the traditional principle of contractual relativity and penetrating the flaws in the internal agency rights of marriage to external legal relationships such as online live streaming platforms.