跨境电商逆向物流困境下国际贸易发展研究

Study on the Development of International Trade under the Dilemma of Cross-Border E-Commerce Reverse Logistics

摘要: 数字经济赋能全球贸易转型，跨境电商成为驱动国际贸易增量扩容的核心引擎。然而，随着跨境电商零售规模的持续扩张，退换货逆向物流的系统性困境日益凸显，成为掣肘其可持续发展的关键瓶颈。本文基于交易成本理论视角，通过阐述跨境电商逆向物流内涵，以跨境电商退换货逆向物流的现实困境为切入点，系统分析其在国际贸易成本、跨境市场信任、全球供应链韧性三个维度的制约机理，并从多主体协同机制构建、跨国监管流程优化、全球物流资源整合等层面，提出针对性破解路径，旨在为促进跨境电商与国际贸易深度协同发展提供理论支撑与实践参考。

Abstract: The digital economy empowers the transformation of global trade, and cross-border e-commerce has become a core engine driving the growth and expansion of international trade. However, with the continuous expansion of cross-border e-commerce retail scale, the systematic dilemma of return reverse logistics has become increasingly prominent, serving as a key bottleneck restricting its sustainable development. This paper is based on the perspective of Transaction Cost Theory, by expounding the connotation of cross-border e-commerce reverse logistics, this paper takes the practical dilemmas of cross-border e-commerce return reverse logistics as the starting point, systematically analyzes its restrictive mechanisms in three dimensions: international trade costs, cross-border market trust, and global supply chain resilience. Furthermore, it proposes targeted solutions from the perspectives of constructing multi-agent collaboration mechanisms, optimizing cross-border supervision processes, and integrating global logistics resources. The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical support and practical reference for promoting the in-depth and coordinated development of cross-border e-commerce and international trade.