基于试卷分析的医学细胞生物学教学反思

Teaching Reflection of Medical Cell Biology Based on Examination Paper Analysis

摘要: 医学细胞生物学是在医学视角下研究细胞的结构、功能及其与疾病关系的医学基础课程，为了及时发现试卷命题及课程教学中存在的问题，研究者采用上海中医药大学试卷分析系统，对2024~2025学年110名学生的期末试卷进行分析，从试卷质量、学业水平、学业关注情况三个层面进行分析。结果显示：试卷难度(0.69)、区分度(0.39)和信度(0.87)均符合良好标准；学生成绩在“良好”等级形成明显聚集效应，中高分段占比显著。学生类型分析表明，优秀稳定型(34%)与稳中求进型(28%)为主，粗心大意型(19%)和准备不足型(15%)次之，方法欠佳型(3%)与表现异常型(1%)学生占比最少。基于以上结果，研究者将在今后的教学工作中改进教学方案、优化评价体系、构建“全周期学习干预”，有针对性地提高学生的分析、归纳和总结能力，对方法欠佳型与表现异常型学生给予更多关注，在学习方法指导和学习态度引导上提供帮助。

Abstract: Medical Cell Biology is a foundational medical course that explores cellular structure and function from a medical perspective, examining their relationship with diseases. To identify issues in test design and instructional effectiveness, researchers analyzed the final examinations of 110 students from the 2024~2025 academic year using Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine’s assessment system. The analysis focused on three dimensions: test quality, academic performance, and learning engagement. Results indicated that the test met quality standards with appropriate difficulty (0.69), discrimination (0.39), and reliability (0.87). Student scores clustered prominently in the “good” range, with a significant proportion in the mid-to-high brackets. The student type analysis shows that the excellent and stable type (34%) and the steady progress type (28%) are the dominant groups, followed by the careless type (19%) and the underprepared type (15%), while the ineffective method type (3%) and the abnormal performance type (1%) account for the smallest proportion. Based on these findings, future teaching efforts will focus on refining instructional methods, optimizing evaluation systems, and implementing a “whole-cycle learning intervention” to specifically improve analytical, deductive, and summarizing abilities. Additional support will be provided to students with suboptimal methods or atypical performance, emphasizing guidance on study techniques and attitudes.